Imaging experiments reveal that some brain regions do not distinguish between actions performed using tools and those performed using the hands, while others represent these two types of action separately.

In individuals with a missing hand, the area of the brain that would otherwise control that hand is recruited by either the remaining hand or the residual limb, depending on the usage preference of the individual.

The therapeutic effects of the sleeping pill zolpidem in patients with disorders of consciousness may be due to recruitment of brain cells idling in abnormally low-frequency brain waves.

An area of visual-motor cortex called the lateral intraparietal area encodes eye position signals that support visually-guided behaviors and image stabilization.

Male and female mice respond differently to the same pheromone signals, and the representation of these sensory stimuli by neurons in the medial amygdala correlates precisely with the differences in behavior.

Three-dimensional mapping of the neural circuitry that controls movement of a marine worm in response to light provides insights into the evolution of complex visual systems.

In nematode worms, the length of the male refractory period–the time between matings–is regulated by multiple transmitters including dopamine, which both promotes ejaculation and reduces the activity of males post-copulation.

Midbrain dopaminergic neurons and a cortex-like structure called the arcopallium form part of a circuit that enables young songbirds to compare their own song with a template stored in memory, and use any discrepancies to improve their performance.

Laser-ablating neurons of a single genetic class reveals that Dbx1-derived interneurons comprise core respiratory rhythmogenic and premotor circuits and provides quantitative cellular parameters that govern network functionality

Conditional transgenic miR-9 sponge mice exhibit developmental defects in dendrite growth due to up-regulation of the transcriptional repressor REST.