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A small RNA molecule called miR-124 controls pheromone production and sexual behaviour in Drosophila by regulating sex-specific gene expression in males.

A novel developmental mechanism generates a previously undescribed pair of sex-specific proprioceptive neurons required for male-specific behaviour.

The balance between sleep and sex drives determines whether male flies sleep or court, and a subset of octopaminergic neurons interact with the Fruitless-expressing courtship circuit to suppress sleep for sustained courtship.

Auditory experience of a species-specific courtship song in developing Drosophila tunes adult song perception and resultant sexual behavior more selective.

Within 100 generations after an environmental shift in an evolution experiment, rapid sex-specific adaptation occurred, which is potentially facilitated by selection on standing variation in sex-specific genetic architecture.

Sexual arousal, exposure to aphrodisiac pheromones, or mere activation of peripheral pheromone-sensing neurons can modulate sleep homeostasis and are able to counteract the effects of sleep deprivation in Drosophila.

Multimodal signals may evolve from unimodal one via co-option of primary signal components and associated cues that serve as by-products.

The genetic and behavioral diversity of the zebra finch, both in the wild and in captivity, make it well-suited for neuroethological studies of vocal learning, culture, and social bonding.

In medaka fish, the reduction of cystic proliferation of germ stem cells declines gametogenesis, reproduction success, and male sexual behavior, with a decrease of mating vigor.

A circuit consisting of motor neurons, inhibitory interneurons and mechanosensory neurons controls copulatory behaviour in male fruit flies.