Cooperation between evolutionarily disparate CRISPR-Cas modules allows bacteria to counter mutational escape by viruses.

A unique, widely distributed gut bacterial enzyme selectively metabolizes plant-derived cardiac glycoside drugs.

A correlation between the periplasmic embellishment of the flagellar motor and its stator system type is described, motors with dual H+-dependent stator systems have one periplasmic ring formed by MotY.

The identification of ACNQ as an extracellular electron shuttle solves a longstanding problem in bacterial physiology and provides new tool for bioenergy development.

By using mass spectrometry, we determined the global levels of various DNA modifications across species and tissues.

FipA is a novel component required for bacteria that rely on FlhF/FlhG to properly localize their flagella to the cell pole.