Iron-chelating pyoverdines from environmental Pseudomonas spp. show promising antibacterial activity against key human pathogens through the induction of iron starvation, while associated toxicity for host systems remains low.

SIRT1 and SIRT3-mediated immunometabolic shift governs intracellular Salmonella proliferation both in vitro and in vivo and dissemination in mice, thereby influencing the infection outcomes.

12 new class IIb microcins have been structurally identified, phylogenetically assessed, and functionally tested for their antimicrobial activity, increasing the total number of these bacteriocins to 17.

Bacterial location quantifications highlights how Drosophila melanogaster larvae discriminate bacteria to isolate and later eliminate pathogens in the anterior midgut through coordinated mechanisms involving reactive oxygen species (ROS) and antimicrobial peptides (AMPs).

Bacillus velezensis has broad-spectrum antibacterial activity and can reduce the colonization of Salmonella Typhimurium in the intestinal tract of mice.

Sex differences in the age-related decline of blood-brain barrier function vary across brain regions, with a more pronounced decrease observed in males beginning in the early 60s.

Gut microbiota dysbiosis increased Nos2 expression through the 'gut–lung axis', and altered intracellular antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory environment by abnormal NO, ROS, and Defb1, thereby promoting Mycobacteria colonization in mouse lungs.