A fundamental lower-bound on memory recall precision, which declines with storage duration and number of stored items, is derived, and human performance is shown to be well-fit by this theoretical bound.

Independently gating ion channels typically act fast within milliseconds, but cooperative interactions within a cluster of channels allow for a memory of previous electrical activity for several seconds.

A recurrent reward circuit in Drosophila, comprised of specific dopamine neurons and a single class of mushroom body output neurons, transforms a nascent memory trace into a stable long-term memory.

Genetic and electrophysiology experiments provide the first direct evidence that protein kinase C is a calcium-sensing protein in post-tetanic potentiation, a form of synaptic plasticity that supports short-term memory.

Visual, parietal, and frontal motor cortices play distinct and necessary roles in mapping sensory features to future motor action.

High-frequency stimulation of the ventromedial prefrontal cortex, which enhances memory and hippocampal neurogenesis, is a novel target for treatment of dementia-related diseases.

Spike frequency adaptation provides spiking neural networks with long short-term memory.

Interneuron-specific alternative splice variants of the synaptic receptor neurexin are critical for hippocampal network activity and short-term memory.

Human listeners rapidly form robust, long lasting (up to 7 weeks) memories of rarely encountered, featureless sound sequences presented among many similar stimuli.

Bilateral removal of cortical area 'TE' produced deficits in monkeys' ability to discriminate among images with many similar features, whereas removal of subjacent rhinal cortex did not.