Biologically plausible levels of myelin dystrophy induce substantial working memory impairment in a computational model of brain aging across two spatial and temporal scales.

Cells within the retina synchronize transmitter release across their output synapses in the dark, reducing the impact of noise generated at these synapses and allowing light-dependent signals to be transmitted with minimal added synaptic noise.

Adjusting key parameters of the synaptic transmission at a single defined synapse of the visual circuit can affect properties of this circuit and animal behavior.

Mathematical and experimental analyses suggest that despite their complex architectures, multiple metazoan signaling pathways act in physiological contexts as linear signal transmitters.

Mu and delta opioid receptors signal independently in hippocampal parvalbumin interneurons to regulate somato-dendritic excitability and synaptic transmission, with the delta opioid receptor dominating the response to enkephalin.

Wing transparency in mimetic butterflies and moths is achieved by an unexpected diversity of structural features, and both structures and light transmission properties of wings are under selection for convergence.

Pseudogenization of rcsD alters canonical Rcs phosphorelay signalling and marks a significant adaptive evolutionary step in the emergence of ubiquitous extant branches of Yersinia pestis that can maintain stable plague outbreaks.

Dopamine neurons make novel glutamatergic connections to striatal cholinergic interneurons in the lateral dorsal striatum that are mediated by metabotropic glutamate receptors coupled to TrpC channels.

The genetic make-up of dominating MDR-TB clades in Central Asia is shaped by programmatic and socio-economic changes that led to fixation of resistance and bacterial fitness related mutations in the Soviet era.

Combining micropatterning, traction force microscopy, and optogenetics, it is shown that epithelial cells actively respond to mechanical signals from neighboring cells.