Young neurons of the adult hippocampus are synaptically activated by a small group of non-overlapping afferent excitatory fibers, due to high synaptic gain and sparse connectivity, important for sparse and orthogonal coding during hippocampal information processing.

Auxiliary subunits Neto1 and Neto2 regulate the GluK1 receptor targeting to excitatory silent synapses through different molecular mechanisms and also modify receptor biophysics through distinct mechanisms.

Three-dimensional electron microscopy (3DEM) demonstrates the dependence on presynaptic mitochondria for vesicle mobilization as dendritic spines are silently added at P15 or synapses are silently enlarged in adults after long-term potentiation.

Single bouton measurements of calcium influx shows that activating GABA_B receptors at nerve terminals can lead to complete inhibition of calcium entry when one is operating at the physiological setpoint of extracellular calcium concentration.

A combination of optogenetics and 2-photon calcium imaging reveals spatial prerequisites for non-linear synaptic summation within a defined cortical connection.

Postnatal, postsynaptic loss of FMRP specifically weakens callosal synaptic inputs onto L2/3 pyramidal neurons, in requirement ofnormal sensory experience, through downregulating AMPA receptor transmission and without affecting local synaptic inputs during cortical circuit development.

Synaptic silencing-induced homeostatic enhancement of presynaptic glutamate release is mediated by the postsynaptic retinoic acid-dependent brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) synthesis from dendritically targeted BDNF transcripts, leading to retrograde activation of presynaptic tropomyosin receptor kinase B receptors.

Effectively connected neurons self-organize forming networks with a small-world architecture composed of modules, with most likely few and nearby neurons, integrated by more topologically important and high firing rate neurons.

Computational modeling suggests that the BLA is capable of producing the recorded LFP rhythms via interactions of interneuron subtypes, and that those rhythms may be necessary for associative learning.

In the mouse cerebellum, the number of branched synapses is reduced in half after sleep compared to after wake.