A mathematical model based on enzyme kinetics shows how the relationships between life expectancy, survival rates for children and adults, and national income change over time.

The sequencing of microbial genomes reveals that the presence of a particular microbial species in the gut may increase the risk of the autoimmune disease rheumatoid arthritis.

Activation of lung macrophage nitric oxide synthase-3 improves both bacterial clearance and outcome in primary and secondary pneumonia models.

Identifying 1,907 mitochondrial somatic mutations from 1,675 tumor tissues provides new insights into the causes and effects of the mitochondrial genome mutations found in human cancers.

Co-mutation of two powerful oncogenes in certain cell types may have a lethal effect that explains the mutual exclusivity of the mutations.

Overexpression of BAG2—a novel mutant p53 binding protein—in tumors inhibits MDM2-mediated mutant p53 degradation, which leads to the accumulation of mutant p53 protein and promotes tumorigenesis.

The accumulation of carbon black nanoparticles in smokers' lungs causes sterile inflammation, double-strand DNA breaks and emphysema.

Local elimination of acetylcholine synthesis in habenular neurons demonstrates a key role for vesicular synergy and neurotransmitter co-release in nicotine dependence.

Children with a parent of cancer have a higher rate of hospital contact for injury, especially immediately after the cancer diagnosis.