Ignoring the probability of species variation when reporting observations about biological processes leads to misinterpretation of the experimental data.

Reactive oxygen species, previously considered damaging agents linked to pathology, are required for normal neuronal plasticity, including adjustment of synaptic terminal size, maintenance of synaptic physiology and adaptive behavioural responses.

A general machine learning scheme for integrating time-series data from single-molecule experiments and molecular dynamics simulations is proposed and successfully demonstrated for the folding dynamics of the WW domain.

An unexpected species difference in electrical coupling of analogous neuroendocrine dopamine neurons in rats and mice reveals a role for gap junction connectivity as a band-pass filter for oscillation frequency in neural networks.

Live real time imaging and perturbation experiments reveal how vimentin integrates with early damage induced reactive oxygen species to mediate collagen rearrangements and epithelial cell projections during wound repair and regeneration.

Rgs12 protein is a novel regulator of the Nrf2 protein by facilitating the proteasomal degradation of the transcription factor during osteoclast differentiation.

Population genomics in Arabidopsis thaliana uncovers an extensive repertoire of active transposable element families at the species level and reveals their importance as a source of rare alleles with large effects.

Genetic incompatibilities are common and widely distributed throughout the genomes of swordtail fish, and prevent the regions of the genome around them from being exchanged between different species.

A new hominin species has been unearthed in the Dinaledi Chamber of the Rising Star cave system in the largest assemblage of a single species of hominins yet discovered in Africa.

Humans and other animals have different strategies for extracting the pitch of sounds, potentially driven by the species-specific frequency selectivity of the ear.