Previously uncharacterized long repeat sequences are associated with significant genome variation that can increase fitness and promote antifungal drug resistance in diverse isolates of Candida albicans.
Angela M Phillips, Daniel P Maurer ... Michael M Desai
An anti-influenza receptor binding site antibody acquires breadth through hierarchical sets of epistatic mutations distributed across the light and heavy chains, demonstrating how mutations can interact to shape the evolution of antibody breadth in various antigen exposure regimens.
Single-cell RNA-sequencing and neural circuitry analyses reveal that sensorimotor transformation of different behaviors which are performed by separate circuit modules in the superior colliculus are molecularly defined by distinct transcriptomic codes of specific neuron subtypes.
William Menegas, Joseph F Bergan ... Mitsuko Watabe-Uchida
Dopamine neurons projecting to different targets receive a similar set of inputs, rather than forming reciprocal connections, whereas those projecting to the posterior striatum receive a distinct set of inputs.
Victor Ovchinnikov, Joy E Louveau ... Arup K Chakraborty
Computer simulations of the evolution of broadly neutralizing antibodies against HIV suggest that non-traditional pathways involving framework mutations which lead initially to increased antibody flexibility do occur, but can be avoided by appropriate vaccine design.