The numerous reports in support of action-value representation in the striatum are based on statistical analyses that are subject to two critical confounds and, thus, this long-held belief of striatal action-value representation should be retested using different experiments and analyses.

The proportional recovery rule, an apparently simple model that nonetheless requires careful statistical treatment, remains an important biological and predictive framework for stroke recovery.

Realizing the clinical and neuroscientific potential of transcranial ultrasonic stimulation (TUS) requires careful control of the peripheral auditory confounds that underlie previously reported online motor inhibitory effects.

Temporally delayed linear modelling provides a domain-general linear framework for sequence detection and statistical testing, and is able to detect replays in both human neuroimaging and animal electrophysiology.

An analysis of 31,873 clinical trials shows that adequate statistical power was most often present in trials with a male first author and a female last author.

Applying decomposition of oscillatory and aperiodic signal components to developmental EEG data provides a solution for the problems in the investigation of alpha power during brain maturation.

Amphetamine reduces reward signaling by neurons in rat prefrontal cortex, but increases the stability of population dynamics, which account for animals’ increased task engagement, despite reduced reward motivation.

Analysis of a large Kenyan dataset may resolve previously conflicting studies by identifying polymorphisms which interact to modify the risk of cerebral malaria.

A new measure for cross-frequency coupling assesses phase-amplitude coupling and amplitude-amplitude coupling, and accounts for confounding factors such as low-frequency amplitude fluctuations, using a flexible statistical modeling approach.

Genetic data revealed existing drugs that could be repurposed to improve lung function, with evidence that compounds which control blood glucose could be particularly useful for respiratory impairment.