9,269 results found
    1. Neuroscience

    Homeostatic reinforcement learning for integrating reward collection and physiological stability

    Mehdi Keramati, Boris Gutkin
    A mathematical model built around the assumption that the desire to maintain internal homeostasis drives the behavior of animals, by affecting their learning processes, can explain many real-world behaviors, including some that might otherwise appear irrational.
    1. Physics of Living Systems

    Quantifying gliding forces of filamentous cyanobacteria by self-buckling

    Maximilian Kurjahn, Antaran Deka ... Stefan Karpitschka
    The self-buckling behavior of filamentous cyanobacteria allowed a quantification of their propulsion forces, indicating that adhesion plays an important role in gliding motility.
    1. Cell Biology

    Microtubule plus-ends act as physical signaling hubs to activate RhoA during cytokinesis

    Vikash Verma, Thomas J Maresca
    MT plus-end-mediated recruitment of a cortical pool of ECT2 trigger RhoA activation upon contact, which results in localized contractility during cytokinesis.
    1. Neuroscience

    Geometry and dynamics of representations in a precisely balanced memory network related to olfactory cortex

    Claire Meissner-Bernard, Friedemann Zenke, Rainer W Friedrich
    Computational modeling revealed that balanced assemblies of excitatory and inhibitory neurons shape representational manifolds in olfactory cortex-like recurrent networks, resulting in joint maps of sensory and semantic information.
    1. Cell Biology

    Collagen polarization promotes epithelial elongation by stimulating locoregional cell proliferation

    Hiroko Katsuno-Kambe, Jessica L Teo ... Alpha S Yap
    Integrin- and ERK signaling stimulates mammary epithelial cell proliferation when extracellular collagen condenses, causing asymmetric growth of multicellular aggregates that is necessary for elongation during branching morphogenesis.
    1. Neuroscience

    YAP/TAZ initiate and maintain Schwann cell myelination

    Matthew Grove, Hyukmin Kim ... Young-Jin Son
    Yap and Taz regulate proliferation and differentiation of Schwann cells, driving radial sorting, myelination and myelin maintenance of peripheral nerves.
    1. Neuroscience

    Selective transduction and photoinhibition of pre-Bötzinger complex neurons that project to the facial nucleus in rats affects nasofacial activity

    Mariana R Melo, Alexander D Wykes ... Andrew M Allen
    The pre-Bötzinger complex, known as the kernel for the breathing generation, consists of separate subpopulations of neurons that project to specific nuclei to coordinate respiratory rhythmicity with different physiological behaviors, such as nasofacial activity.
    1. Neuroscience

    A dopamine-gated learning circuit underpins reproductive state-dependent odor preference in Drosophila females

    Ariane C Boehm, Anja B Friedrich ... Ilona C Grunwald Kadow
    Behavioral and in vivo imaging analysis in the fly suggests that mating-related sensory experience regulates female odor perception and expression of choice behavior through a dopamine-gated learning circuit.
    1. Immunology and Inflammation

    IFNγ induces epigenetic programming of human T-bethi B cells and promotes TLR7/8 and IL-21 induced differentiation

    Esther Zumaquero, Sara L Stone ... Frances E Lund
    IFNγ increases the responsiveness of human B cells to IL-2, TLR7/8 and IL-21 signals and therefore enhances antibody production in inflammatory settings associated with autoimmune or chronic disease.
    1. Cell Biology

    Apical annuli are specialised sites of post-invasion secretion of dense granules in Toxoplasma

    Sara Chelaghma, Huiling Ke ... Ross F Waller
    Apicomplexan parasites secrete proteins to manipulate their hosts from sub-apical openings in their cell pellicle that are distinct from the apical complex from where invasion factors are secreted.

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