Intraoperative human brain recordings during a memory task reveal that when participants inhibit memory formation, the subthalamic nucleus shows higher beta power and beta coherence with areas of the lateral cortex implicated in memory processing.

Sudden stopping of rhythmic movement is associated with a pronounced increase of 60-90 Hz gamma oscillations in the subthalamic nucleus, which have formerly been regarded as favouring movement.

The subthalamic nucleus is linked to a nociceptive network and involved in nociceptive processing and perception.

Dynamic changes in activity and connectivity of the human subthalamic nucleus reflect whether a decision will be made in haste or with caution.

Deep brain stimulation can selectively modify neural activity within the subthalamic nucleus to modify decisions under uncertainty in human subjects.

Activation of the subthalamic nucleus (STN) pauses or disrupts behavior, while STN inhibition reduces the disruptive effects of surprise, indicating that STN activation is both sufficient and necessary for behavioral inhibition.

In mouse models of Huntington's disease, the subthalamic nucleus, which suppresses movements, also exhibits impaired glutamate homeostasis, NMDA receptor-dependent mitochondrial oxidant stress, firing disruption, and 30% neuronal loss.

Single-unit activity consistent with a selective causal role in reactive stopping or switching behaviors is found only in the most ventromedial subregion of the subthalamic nucleus.

Bradykinesia in Parkinson's disease may be associated to a dopamine-dependent recruitment failure of subthalamic activity in short bursts of gamma synchrony.

The spiking activity of the subthalamic nucleus, rather than the activity of striatal projection neurons, orchestrates basal ganglia downstream activity and output commands in health and Parkinson’s disease.