In addition to the well-established involvement of descending neural tracts, the left-right side-specific endocrine mechanism may contribute to signaling from injured brain to spinal motor circuits.

Basal ganglia output from the entopeduncular nucleus to the lateral habenula is not required for performance in a probabilistic switching task that requires flexible action/outcome decision making.

Pre-existing enhancers interpret T cell signaling strength in an analogue manner to direct quantitative changes in gene expression within the context of an overall digital response.

Inhibitory neurons in the hypothalamus and amygdala push and pull on the midbrain vocal gating circuit to trigger and suppress ultrasonic vocalization (USV) production in the mouse.

Persistent, non-random sensorimotor connectivity reveals the capacity of intrinsic spinal networks to purposefully replay and modify learned patterns of neural transmission during unconsciousness.

Brain recovery after injury can be predicted based on its activity and structure, which may allow us to understand why some brain injuries lead to permanent loss of cognitive function, while others do not.

Of the 50 primary olfactory channels in vinegar flies, only 10 drive avoidance or approach behavior when activated by themselves, indicating that most olfactory responses are multi-channel responses that follow complex combination rules.

A practical toolbox for application of Granger causality inference to calcium imaging data identifies strong driver neurons in the locus of the mesencephalic locomoter region in larval zebrafish.

Single-molecule localization imaging shows that the Nipah virus fusion protein forms nanoscale clusters on cell and viral membranes that favor membrane fusion activation.

Anatomical projections from sensory, motor, and association cortex to the cerebellum are precisely mapped, including cortical-precerebellar connections and terminal organization, providing insight into how the cerebellum may utilize cortical information.