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A combined developmental genetics, electrophysiology, and optical approach identify two distinct and dynamic components of the developing neuronal circuit that relay and interpret thalamic input in primary sensory neocortex.

Two distinct thalamocortical pathways were found to provide differential excitatory synaptic input to distinct cell-types across layers of mouse primary somatosensory barrel cortex.

Accumulation of perineuronal nets around parvalbumin (PV)-positive inhibitory interneurons closes visual cortical plasticity by selectively down-regulating thalamic synapses onto PV cells in a sensory-dependent manner.

Respiratory alkalosis recruits the midline thalamus to provoke absence seizures.

The rhythms generated by the stomatogastric and cardiac ganglia of the Jonah crab are surprisingly robust but differentially sensitive to acute changes in extracellular pH from pH 5.5 to 10.4.

RORβ is a key layer 4 transcription factor orchestrating a critical juncture in barrel development where terminal differentiation and activity inputs are integrated to drive cellular organization in the cortex.

Parvalbumin-containing inhibitory neurons are crucial for expression of plasticity in adult visual cortex that supports visual recognition memory, but not for expression of ocular dominance plasticity that results from monocular deprivation.

By differentially modulating the two major excitatory inputs to the striatum, mu- and delta-opioid receptors regulate the balance between thalamic and cortical inputs to the striatum.

The visual thalamus is a promising target for neural prosthetic intervention aimed at the restoration of visual function.

Across four samples of children, adolescents, and young adults, age-related higher similarity of dominant, development-specific fast sleep spindles and adult-like fast sleep spindles is uniquely related to stronger and more precise slow oscillation-sleep spindle coupling.