In a minimalistic, generic model of competitive communities in which evolution is constrained by life-history trade-offs, stable biodiversity emerges with species adapted to different functional niches.

Analysis of epidemiological data reveals that viral loads in newly HIV-1 infected individuals in Uganda have declined for two decades, and evolutionary modelling shows that attenuation of the virus explains this decline.

The characterization of ancient B19V and HBV genotype A4 viruses circulating during Colonial epidemics provides new insights into the pathogens that were introduced to the Americas after the European colonization.

Building on previous work (Drugowitsch et al., 2014), it is shown that decision-makers adjust their speed-accuracy trade-off flexibly from one moment to the next, based on evidence available from multiple sensory modalities, in order to nearly maximize their reward rate.

A plastic behavior in Escherichia coli is enabled by a single amino acid replacement in adaption to changing environments.

The transcriptional regulator BZR1 acts as a molecular integrator of environmental cues regulating the trade-off between growth and innate immunity.

Experimental evolution shows that when selection acts on two traits constrained by a trade-off, the direction of phenotypic evolution depends on the environment.

Cognitive effort is aversive and people will accept physical pain to avoid it, but this avoidance does not appear to share the same fundamental characteristics of pain avoidance.

Almost 98% of amphibian species have no regulation on their international trade, yet as 17% (1215 species) are in trade with 45% of individuals coming from the wild, including 445 Endangered/Data Deficient species, this poses a risk to species survival.

The physical interaction network encoded in the multi-domain protein native structure handles the trade-off between the fast, stable folding and the efficient, reliable function.