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    1. Microbiology and Infectious Disease

    Machine learning approaches identify immunologic signatures of total and intact HIV DNA during long-term antiretroviral therapy

    Lesia Semenova, Yingfan Wang ... Edward P Browne
    Dimension reduction and machine learning tools were used to identify novel associations between the HIV reservoir and the immune systems of people with HIV.
    1. Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine

    Mouse embryonic stem cells can differentiate via multiple paths to the same state

    James Alexander Briggs, Victor C Li ... Marc W Kirschner
    Single cell RNA sequencing reveals that mouse embryonic stem cells can be differentiated into the same terminal motor neuron state via distinct differentiation paths, one of which includes a surprising intermediate state not found in embryos.
    1. Evolutionary Biology
    2. Genetics and Genomics

    Separating phases of allopolyploid evolution with resynthesized and natural Capsella bursa-pastoris

    Tianlin Duan, Adrien Sicard ... Martin Lascoux
    A comparison between artificially created allopolyploids and natural ones reveals that the latter underwent significant evolutionary steps after their formation.
    1. Neuroscience

    Likelihood approximation networks (LANs) for fast inference of simulation models in cognitive neuroscience

    Alexander Fengler, Lakshmi N Govindarajan ... Michael J Frank
    A novel method and software provides researchers with the capability to rapidly, flexibly, and robustly perform Bayesian parameter estimation of theoretically meaningful models in cognitive neuroscience that were heretofore intractable.
    1. Biochemistry and Chemical Biology

    Bacterial OTU deubiquitinases regulate substrate ubiquitination upon Legionella infection

    Donghyuk Shin, Anshu Bhattacharya ... Ivan Dikic
    A novel class of bacterial OTU deubiquitinases provides insights on the distinct roles of bacterial deubiquitinases in host–pathogen interactions.
    1. Genetics and Genomics

    Exploiting the mediating role of the metabolome to unravel transcript-to-phenotype associations

    Chiara Auwerx, Marie C Sadler ... Eleonora Porcu
    Integrating multi-omics quantitative trait loci and genome-wide association study data into a multivariable Mendelian randomization framework allows to identify metabolite-mediated transcript-to-phenotype causal relations missed by methods focusing on a single omics layer.
    1. Biochemistry and Chemical Biology
    2. Ecology

    Green fluorescent protein-like pigments optimise the internal light environment in symbiotic reef-building corals

    Elena Bollati, Niclas H Lyndby ... Daniel Wangpraseurt
    Scalar irradiance microsensor measurements performed inside the tissue of living corals show that absorption and fluorescence emission by host pigments produce dramatic spectral alterations in the light environment experienced by the symbionts.
    1. Immunology and Inflammation
    2. Medicine

    Perinatal granulopoiesis and risk of pediatric asthma

    Benjamin A Turturice, Juliana Theorell ... Patricia W Finn
    Perinatal granulopoiesis and cord blood serum PGLYRP-1, a specific granule protein, are altered prior to onset of childhood asthma and provide potential targets for early identification of at-risk populations.
    1. Ecology
    2. Evolutionary Biology

    Mountain gorillas maintain strong affiliative biases for maternal siblings despite high male reproductive skew and extensive exposure to paternal kin

    Nicholas M Grebe, Jean Paul Hirwa ... Stacy Rosenbaum
    Mountain gorillas, who live in close-knit social groups with siblings and non-siblings of both sexes throughout their lives, show distinct behavioral biases towards maternal versus paternal kin.
    1. Epidemiology and Global Health
    2. Genetics and Genomics

    Disease consequences of higher adiposity uncoupled from its adverse metabolic effects using Mendelian randomisation

    Susan Martin, Jessica Tyrrell ... Hanieh Yaghootkar
    Using genetics, it is possible to uncouple higher adiposity from its adverse metabolic effects and show that some obesity-associated conditions may benefit from treating the metabolic effects alone, whilst others may benefit more from weight loss.