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    1. Evolutionary Biology
    2. Microbiology and Infectious Disease

    Superspreaders drive the largest outbreaks of hospital onset COVID-19 infections

    Christopher JR Illingworth, William L Hamilton ... M Estée Török
    Outbreaks of SARS-CoV-2 transmission in a hospital environment show evidence of superspreading, with 80% of infections caused by 21% of infected individuals.
    1. Biochemistry and Chemical Biology
    2. Microbiology and Infectious Disease

    Chemoproteomics validates selective targeting of Plasmodium M1 alanyl aminopeptidase as an antimalarial strategy

    Carlo Giannangelo, Matthew P Challis ... Darren J Creek
    M1 alanyl aminopeptidase is chemically validated as an attractive antimalarial target by confirming the on-target activity of a novel selective inhibitor using chemoproteomics and metabolomics-based drug target deconvolution approaches.
    1. Microbiology and Infectious Disease

    Akkermansia muciniphila identified as key strain to alleviate gut barrier injury through Wnt signaling pathway

    Xin Ma, Meng Li ... Xinyan Han
    FMT alleviated the intestinal barrier damage caused by enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli infection in antibiotic-induced microbiome-disordered model through increasing the relative abundance of A. muciniphila in the intestine.
    1. Epidemiology and Global Health
    2. Evolutionary Biology

    Selection for infectivity profiles in slow and fast epidemics, and the rise of SARS-CoV-2 variants

    François Blanquart, Nathanaël Hozé ... Simon Cauchemez
    Selection acting on SARS-CoV-2 variants altering the infectivity profile depends on levels of transmission in the community, and this dependence is used to infer Alpha and Delta variants infectivity profiles.
    1. Microbiology and Infectious Disease

    A novel decoy strategy for polymyxin resistance in Acinetobacter baumannii

    Jaeeun Park, Misung Kim ... Woojun Park
    Outer membrane vesicles serve as decoys to reduce the chance of direct polymyxin B (PMB) binding to cells, which partly explains why many clinical isolates and microbial communities can be protected against PMB treatment.
    1. Microbiology and Infectious Disease

    Unexpected plasticity in the life cycle of Trypanosoma brucei

    Sarah Schuster, Jaime Lisack ... Markus Engstler
    Parasite life cycles may be more flexible than traditionally thought, potentially allowing single-cell infections of insect vectors and transmission between hosts even at very low parasite densities.
    1. Medicine
    2. Microbiology and Infectious Disease

    Ct threshold values, a proxy for viral load in community SARS-CoV-2 cases, demonstrate wide variation across populations and over time

    A Sarah Walker, Emma Pritchard ... COVID-19 Infection Survey team
    Wide variation in cycle threshold (Ct) values from SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR tests over calendar time offers the potential for their broader use in public testing programmes as an ‘early-warning’ system for shifts in infectious load and hence transmission.
    1. Microbiology and Infectious Disease

    HA stabilization promotes replication and transmission of swine H1N1 gamma influenza viruses in ferrets

    Meng Hu, Guohua Yang ... Charles J Russell
    Infection experiments in ferrets reveal swine influenza viruses need their hemagglutinin antigen to become stabilized for transmissibility, adding a new property to consider when triaging field isolates for pandemic potential.
    1. Ecology
    2. Evolutionary Biology

    Novel pathogen introduction triggers rapid evolution in animal social movement strategies

    Pratik Rajan Gupte, Gregory F Albery ... Franz J Weissing
    The introduction of infectious pathogens to a simulated animal population leads to rapid evolutionary transitions in how individuals move in a social context, with distinct movement morphs evolved that make trade-offs between sociality and infection risk.
    1. Cell Biology

    Single-cell RNA-seq reveals hidden transcriptional variation in malaria parasites

    Adam J Reid, Arthur M Talman ... Mara KN Lawniczak
    Plasmodium parasite transcription shifts dramatically along asexual development, and transmission stages variably express important immune evasion genes, suggesting much interesting biology has until now been hidden by bulk analyses.