The coactivity of cortical neurons in associative learning recruits them as associative memory cells based on their synapse interconnections by neuroligin-3-mediated synapse formation, which endorses the first order and the second order of associative memory.

The X-ray crystal structure of the unusual carbon–carbon bond-forming biosynthetic enzyme CylK reveals a unique biochemical strategy for selective alkyl halide activation and substitution.

Connectomic analysis in the fly's (Drosophila) learning and memory center identifies unique circuit motifs that have not been anticipated by over 30 years of extensive anatomical, experimental and theoretical studies.

The interplay of nitric oxide and dopamine specialize one memory unit in a fly brain in predicting the value of odors based only on recent experience.

The circadian clock gates sleep drive by modulating sleep homeostat neurons.

Skeletal muscle organoids differentiated from human pluripotent stem cells offer a system for investigating myogenesis and satellite cell development with translational potential for muscular dystrophy modeling and therapy development.

Neurons called lobula columnar cells help fruit flies respond appropriately to specific visual cues, such as those signaling an approaching predator.