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The combination of a new genetically encoded voltage indicator and fast two-photon imaging methods enables detection of rapid neural electrical activity in organotypic slice cultures and in living flies.

The first postnatal week ends with the development of perisomatic innervation and with an abrupt switch in the representation of self-motion in the region CA1 of the mouse hippocampus.

An optical microscopy approach with an ultra-large field of view but retained subcellular resolution allows simultaneous imaging of neural activity in widely dispersed brain regions.

Computational modeling and analysis of mouse neural population data finds that the excitation/inhibition imbalance theory of brain disorders is too limited to account for key changes in neural activity statistics.

A properly designed two-photon fluorescence microscope allows high-resolution visualization of neurons and capillaries in healthy and diseased mouse retinas in vivo, while to visualize subcellular structures, adaptive optics is required to correct the eye-induced optical aberrations.

A new microscopy system allows the activity of interconnected neurons in different brain regions to be measured simultaneously.

Discrepancies between functional responses measured with electrophysiology and calcium imaging can be largely reconciled by considering the spike-to-calcium transfer function, neuronal sampling bias, and cluster merging artifacts during spike sorting.

Brain temperature and oxygenation vary according to the imaging conditions during two-photon microscopy.

A new soma-targeted variant of the large-conductance blue-light-sensitive opsin CoChR combined with advanced optical stimulation methods allows high-efficiency all-optical neuronal imaging and stimulation in mouse brain in vivo.

Two thermodynamically distinct transport mechanisms operating within the same binding site explains the remarkable promiscuity of POT family transporters towards peptide and drug ligands.