Rather than being a protein coding unit, an mRNA molecule can serve a purely regulatory function to inhibit protein synthesis of its corresponding gene.
Julie L Aspden, Ying Chen Eyre-Walker ... Juan-Pablo Couso
Thousands of small Open Reading Frames are translated, and form two distinct classes based on their translational efficiency and bioinformatic indicators.
Thousands of novel open-reading frames (ORFs) are translated in the bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis, including many short ORFs that are likely to contribute to cell fitness.
Thousands of "noncoding" RNAs, 5' "untranslated" regions, and pseudogenes in humans are actually translated, and some of these are likely to express functional proteins.
The transcription factor Xrp1 mediates a previously unrecognized branch of stress-response signaling, specifically as a downstream effector of eIF2alpha kinases.
Combining ribosome profiling and RNA sequencing illuminates novel features of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus gene expression, including the regulation of polyprotein stoichiometry through temporal modulation of ribosomal frameshifting and the synthesis of non-canonical transcripts.
Bjoern Gaertner, Sebastiaan van Heesch ... Maike Sander
Ribosome profiling and loss-of-function during human ESC pancreatic differentiation reveal abundant lncRNA translation and an essential role for translated LINC00261 in beta cell differentiation, likely through a trans-regulatory, microprotein-independent mechanism.
Complex chromosomal rearrangements similar to those described in cancer and developmental syndromes occur in plants during postzygotic genome elimination, a centromeric-derived incompatibility.
