HIV transmissions into intervention communities from control communities in the Botswana/Ya Tsie trial were similar to the reverse at baseline, and 10 times more common post-baseline, concordant with a predicted benefit of a universal test-and-treat HIV prevention intervention.

Relatively few genes have evolved vertically from the last universal common ancestor to modern prokaryotes, and phylogenetic analysis of these genes demonstrates a great genetic distance between Archaea and Bacteria.

A cross-cultural study of reading acquisition and reading irmpairment reveals the invariance of the neural correlates of reading across cultures.

The nearly universal nature of scaled cell shape variability in an epithelial monolayer is unavoidable, irrespective of health or disease, as it comes from a mathematical property.

A homopolymer-sphere model is shown to accurately reproduce the interactions that underpin selective gating of macromolecular transport into and out of the cell nucleus.

Efficiency measures the fundamental link between agonist binding and protein conformational change, and in nicotinic receptors has 5 values that calibrate energy changes in the induced fit that triggers activation.

Convergent structural and functional brain deficits associated with dyslexia were found in left superior temporal gyrus across languages, however, language-specific deficits were also identified.

Artificial light causes changes to gene expression and cellular signaling cascades that coordinate mass spawning events for a species of coral from the Great Barrier Reef.

A computational model, based on single-cell features like contractility and polarizability, quantitatively describes cellular dynamics from the single cell level up to small cohorts and confluent tissues.

Ancient protein domains remain shaped by amino acid availability during early life, while young animal proteins are shaped by a need for high intrinsic structural disorder.