The signaling lipid PI(3,5)P2 supports the formation of the myelin sheath, by regulating trafficking of myelin building blocks within oligodendrocytes and communication between oligodendrocytes and neuronal axons.
Synaptophysins and gyrins dampen synaptic strength selectively at low frequencies, hinting that synaptic transmission may play a frequency filtering role in biological computation that is more general than currently envisioned.
Specific attachment of molecularly defined gold nanoparticles enables precise localization, critical for structural studies in vivo, of proteins of unknown structure within the cellular milieu by cryo-electron tomography.
Reducing Akt-mediated huntingtin phosphorylation decreases APP accumulation at the synapse by reducing its anterograde axonal transport and ameliorates learning and memory in a mouse model of familial Alzheimer disease.
Interactions between Neuropilin-1 and VEGFR2, rather than VEGF-Neuropilin-1 binding, underlie Neuropilin-1's critical function in VEGF-mediated vascular development.
SNX6 regulates the distribution of a protein called Homer1b/c to distal dendrites, enabling the latter to stabilize the synapses and thereby support memory formation.
In mammals, the vesicular glutamate transporter 1 acquired a proline-rich sequence that negatively regulates the spontaneous release of glutamate by reducing the exchange of synaptic vesicles along the axon.
EphB4 maintains critical functional properties of the adult cardiac vasculature, namely mechanical resistance and fatty acid transport capability, and thereby prevents dilated cardiomyopathy-like defects.
Postsynaptic MT1-MMP serves as a molecular switch to synaptogenesis by clearing the surrounding ECM environment that allows effective deposition of nerve-derived synaptogenic factors to induce postsynaptic differentiation at developing NMJs.
