TIR-1 regulates both repair and destruction on either side of an injury axon.

Chemotherapeutics altering DNA topology evoke RNA polymerase I inhibition, rDNA damage and consequent formation of PNAs that segregate persistent rDNA lesions from the active nucleolus, with implications for rDNA maintenance and design of new cancer treatment strategies targeting rDNA repair.

Dorsomedial and dorsolateral striatal neural activity differ during early learning of action sequences but do not change with performance improvement across sessions, and become similar after extended training.

Unprecedented 4D spatiotemporal infant regional cerebral blood flow framework and region-specific physiology–function coupling across infancy were elucidated, highlighting strong physiology–function coupling specifically at the default-mode network to meet extraneuronal metabolic demand for network emergence.

Definition of leukemia gene expression mechanisms reveals general principles of cancer gene control and offers a pharmacologic strategy for its therapeutic reprogramming.

The analytic theory establishes the general principles of synaptic transmission, enables extraction of microscopic parameters of synaptic fusion machinery from experiments, and links molecular constituents to synaptic function.

The mechanistic characterization of NF-κB transcription inhibition by anthracyclines opens new possibilities for improved cancer chemotherapy and the treatment of inflammation-driven conditions.

The timescale dependence of d_N/d_S in bacteria is better explained by adaptive than purifying dynamics, suggesting comparative genomics can underestimate past adaptation.

Two-photon calcium imaging revealed that many mesocortical dopamine axons show enhanced selectivity for aversive cue processing during classical conditioning.

Beyond its well-accepted function in metastasis, non-receptor tyrosine kinase FER also controls ovarian tumor cell proliferation through FER-IRS4-AKT signaling axis, making itself as a promising druggable target for the disease.