The transcription factor (TF)-binding specificities of Pseudomonas aeruginosa allow us to predict virulence-associated TFs and their target genes, which will facilitate to find effective treatment and prevention for its associated diseases.

Analysis of epidemiological data reveals that viral loads in newly HIV-1 infected individuals in Uganda have declined for two decades, and evolutionary modelling shows that attenuation of the virus explains this decline.

Mechanisms that enable wild mice to survive infection with strains of the Toxoplasma gondii parasite virulent enough to kill laboratory mice offer an explanation for how these parasites have been able to persist in the mouse population.

The horizontal acquisition of virulence plasmids is potentiated by production practices in plant nurseries and is sufficient to transition Rhodococcus from being beneficial to being pathogenic.

Hysteretic switching between virulence states has been observed in a human pathogen.

Cooperation theory and a novel synthetic infection system provides a mechanistic understanding of why a seemingly successful disease management strategy can have devastating consequences for infected hosts.

Allelic MLA immune receptors have an exceptional propensity to directly detect sequence-unrelated pathogen effectors and this feature might have facilitated functional diversification of the receptor in the host population.

Patients with paucigranulocytic asthma may be more susceptible to severe influenza and could potentially be source of new, more virulent, influenza virus variants.

Receptor recognition of antimicrobial peptides is important for Salmonellae to survive inside macrophages and cause disease.

A fungal effector secreted by the corn smut pathogen increases the virulence of the pathogen by elevating anthocyanin production and reducing lignification in maize.