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    1. Evolutionary Biology
    2. Microbiology and Infectious Disease

    Parallel evolution between genomic segments of seasonal human influenza viruses reveals RNA-RNA relationships

    Jennifer E Jones, Valerie Le Sage ... Seema S Lakdawala
    Phylogenetic relationships between viral RNA segments are distinct between subtypes and lineages of seasonal human influenza A viruses and implicate RNA-RNA relationships as novel drivers of influenza virus evolution.
    1. Cancer Biology

    Engineering PEG10-assembled endogenous virus-like particles with genetically encoded neoantigen peptides for cancer vaccination

    Ruijing Tang, Luobin Guo ... Xiaolong Liu
    ePAC, a novel cancer vaccine utilizing a mammalian-derived virus-like particle to co-deliver neoantigens and CpG-ODN, demonstrates strong antitumor efficacy in mouse models.
    1. Microbiology and Infectious Disease
    2. Physics of Living Systems

    Defining basic rules for hardening influenza A virus liquid condensates

    Temitope Akhigbe Etibor, Silvia Vale-Costa ... Maria-João Amorim
    Thermodynamic, kinetic, and dynamic analyses as well as solubility proteome profiling reveal that influenza A virus liquid inclusions may be selectively hardened with promising antiviral activity.
    1. Biochemistry and Chemical Biology
    2. Structural Biology and Molecular Biophysics

    Mechanism of B-box 2 domain-mediated higher-order assembly of the retroviral restriction factor TRIM5α

    Jonathan M Wagner, Marcin D Roganowicz ... Owen Pornillos
    Higher-order assembly enables and links pathogen recognition and downstream steps in the TRIM5-mediated anti-HIV response.
    1. Structural Biology and Molecular Biophysics
    2. Microbiology and Infectious Disease

    Rift Valley fever phlebovirus NSs protein core domain structure suggests molecular basis for nuclear filaments

    Michal Barski, Benjamin Brennan ... Ulrich Schwarz-Linek
    Insight into the molecular assembly of a protein with a central role in infections paves the way to understanding how Rift Valley fever virus causes disease.
    1. Structural Biology and Molecular Biophysics

    Slowly folding surface extension in the prototypic avian hepatitis B virus capsid governs stability

    Cihan Makbul, Michael Nassal, Bettina Böttcher
    Duck Hepatitis B core protein forms capsids with a slowly folding extension domain which folding competence is important for viral replication.
    1. Physics of Living Systems
    2. Computational and Systems Biology

    Many-molecule encapsulation by an icosahedral shell

    Jason D Perlmutter, Farzaneh Mohajerani, Michael F Hagan
    Computational and theoretical models reveal mechanisms by which protein compartments assemble around enzymes and reagents to facilitate reactions in bacteria, allowing the identification of strategies for reengineering such compartments as customizable nanoreactors.
    1. Microbiology and Infectious Disease

    A myristoyl switch at the plasma membrane triggers cleavage and oligomerization of Mason-Pfizer monkey virus matrix protein

    Markéta Častorálová, Jakub Sýs ... Tomas Ruml
    Biochemical and instrumental analysis showed that the membrane-induced exposure of myristoyl from the MA protein of Mason-Pfizer monkey virus triggers allosteric conformational changes resulting in MA oligomerization and unfolding of the cleavage site between MA and downstream domains of Gag.
    1. Ecology
    2. Microbiology and Infectious Disease

    Endangered wild salmon infected by newly discovered viruses

    Gideon J Mordecai, Kristina M Miller ... Curtis A Suttle
    Newly discovered viruses in dead and dying farmed Chinook salmon are widely distributed in threatened wild Chinook and sockeye salmon populations.
    1. Structural Biology and Molecular Biophysics

    A complex IRES at the 5'-UTR of a viral mRNA assembles a functional 48S complex via an uAUG intermediate

    Ritam Neupane, Vera P Pisareva ... Israel S Fernández
    The ribosome bound structure of a new IRES reveals novel architecture features used by viruses to hijack cellular translation.