The fruit fly estimates visual motion by incorporating ON-OFF asymmetric processing that only improves performance when stimuli have light-dark asymmetries matched to natural scenes.

Circuit tracing and in vivo calcium imaging reveals neurons conveying polarized light information from photoreceptors to the central brain, transforming patterns in the sky into a directional cue for navigation.

Neural network modeling shows that hierarchical application of the simple computational principle of predicting future sensory input from its past can capture features of visual motion processing from the retina to the visual cortex.

The assignment of borders to foreground objects occurs in cortical columns in primate visual cortex, and first in deep layers, suggesting a central role for feedback.

Building on recent findings that central sensory processing allocates resources according to the informativeness of statistical features (Hermundstad et al., 2014), we identify visual area V2 as the site of the relevant computations for local image statistics, thus providing a common underpinning for diverse aspects of its neuronal selectivity.

Neurite arbors of VGluT3-expressing amacrine cells (VG3-ACs) process visual information locally uniformly detecting object motion while varying in contrast preferences; and in spite of extensive overlap between arbors of neighboring cells population activity in the VG3-AC plexus encodes stimulus positions with subcellular precision.

Reducing visibility with higher image presentation rates increases recurrent processing demands along the visual processing pathway to resolve object recognition.

Bilateral removal of cortical area 'TE' produced deficits in monkeys' ability to discriminate among images with many similar features, whereas removal of subjacent rhinal cortex did not.

In contrast to perception, during visual imagery, there are no clear time-locked processing stages and imagery specifically overlaps with perceptual processing around 160 ms after stimulus onset and from 300 ms onwards.

The representations of information concerning the number, size, density and surface of sets of objects in a visual image are separable along the occipito-parietal cortex and independently modulated by attention.