Imaging experiments reveal that some brain regions do not distinguish between actions performed using tools and those performed using the hands, while others represent these two types of action separately.

In individuals with a missing hand, the area of the brain that would otherwise control that hand is recruited by either the remaining hand or the residual limb, depending on the usage preference of the individual.

Neuroimaging provides novel insights into how the motor system represents sequences of actions by automatically separating their spatial and temporal features for flexible skill production.

Building on previous work (Kaneko and Stryker, 2014), we report that the specific population of inhibitory neurons that increases the responses of neurons in the visual cortex during locomotion will also, when activated or blocked artificially, dramatically alter adult cortical plasticity, revealing that the aerobic exercise of locomotion is not necessary.

Functional connectivity in the human brain reflects changes in synaptic plasticity induced with repeated paired stimulation.

Within the monkey orbitofrontal cortex, a posterior part learns new values, whereas an anterior part translates this knowledge into advantageous decisions.

A novel analysis of neural activity recorded in monkeys performing a “brain-machine interface” task reveals that a mismatch between motor effectors and the brains’ internal models of those effectors can explain a substantial portion of movement errors.

Somatosensory feedback is transmitted to many sensory and motor cortical regions within 25 milliseconds and ongoing behavioural tasks alter the spatiotemporal pattern of this perturbation-related activity, supporting rapid motor responses to attain behavioural goals.

The cortical grasping circuit separates but shares visual and motor processes to transform object attributes into appropriate hand movements.

Noninvasive brain stimulation can artificially tag and retrieve human motor memories by altering the background activity patterns of the sensorimotor cortex.