Dispensable loops shield the functionally-important extracellular loops of the essential Gram-negative bacterial outer membrane protein LptD from antibody interference.
An individual-based model estimates exogenous boosting of immunity following re-exposure to chickenpox is limited to 2 years after re-exposure, but an increase in herpes zoster incidence is still expected to occur following universal varicella vaccination.
Systematic analyses of DNA replication machinery components in human cells reveal a requirement of MCM-dependent de novo loading or mobilization of cohesin at replication forks in establishing sister-chromatid cohesion.
Physical contact between two Myxococcus xanthus cells is sufficient to fuse their outer membrane transiently and exchange outer membrane proteins and lipids at high efficiency.
Directional switching of sister chromatids during mitosis is regulated by a mechanical clock that is sensitive to the stretch of centromeric chromatin between the chromatids.
Shifts in the balance between nucleotide-favorable and nucleotide-unfavorable conformations of myosin motors encode duty ratios and ADP release rates, demonstrating the power of an ensemble perspective for uncovering sequence-function relationships.