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In a study of a herpes simplex virus (HSV) vaccine, the combination of sex and prior exposure to the virus resulted in HSV naive women mounting a prominent type I interferon response associated with reduced neutralizing titers to HSV.

Parasites constrict as they propel themselves through the extracellular matrix one body length at a time, in a process highly reminiscent of host cell invasion.

Clinical prediction rules could help identify children at risk of slowed growth after an episode of diarrheal illness, and these rules may be generalizable to all children, regardless of diarrhea status.

Malaria parasites avoid destruction by their host's immune response through systematic and coordinated expression switching between members of a network of variant antigen-encoding genes, a process that is mediated by a uniquely conserved gene called var2csa.

In the setting of CNS infection, meningeal lymphatic drainage promotes dendritic cell and T cell responses in the deep cervical lymph nodes but is not necessary for maintaining control of parasite in the brain.

Genetic and biochemical analyses reveal that the bacterial nucleases PNPase and RNase R work in concert with a type III-A CRISPR-Cas immune system to process small CRISPR RNAs and ensure robust immunity against foreign nucleic acid invaders.

The birth of the antiviral gene APOBEC3B in ancient primates is linked to the evolution of a potent counterdefense by herpesviruses, a host-pathogen interaction maintained to present day.

Under nitrogen limitation, Salmonella and Escherichia coli express a messenger RNA to translate glutamine synthetase, and concomitantly the messenger RNA produces a small RNA from its 3′ end to inhibit the translation of 2-oxoglutarate dehydrogenase of the TCA cycle.

The currently recommended adult dose of tafenoquine is insufficient for radical cure in all adults.

Fitting a simple model of COVID-19 transmission to crowdsourced case report data allowed the estimation of mean cluster size and transmission rates in Canadian schools, as well as determining which interventions are most likely to limit transmission.