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  1. Human biology and medicine
  2. Neuroscience
Rett-causing mutations reveal two domains critical for MeCP2 function and for toxicity in MECP2 duplication syndrome mice
Transgenic mice with Rett-causing mutations in MeCP2 reveal that a basic cluster in the C-terminus of the protein binds DNA and that both the methyl-CpG binding domain and the transcriptional repression domain are necessary to elicit toxicity in MECP2 duplication syndrome.
Laura Dean Heckman, Maria H Chahrour, Huda Y Zoghbi
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  1. Biochemistry
  2. Biophysics and structural biology
Molecular mechanism for Rabex-5 GEF activation by Rabaptin-5
The GEF activity of Rabex-5 is weakly autoinhibited by its CC domain and activated by Rabaptin-5 and the two proteins work concertedly to activate Rab5.
Zhe Zhang, Tianlong Zhang, Shanshan Wang, Zhou Gong, Chun Tang, Jiangye Chen, Jianping Ding
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  1. Epidemiology and global health
  2. Microbiology and infectious disease
Global distribution maps of the leishmaniases
Maps defining environmental risk of the leishmaniases provide insights into the ecology of these diseases and identify regions to target public health measures and inform future burden estimates.
David M Pigott, Samir Bhatt, Nick Golding, Kirsten A Duda, Katherine E Battle, Oliver J Brady, Jane P Messina, Yves Balard, Patrick Bastien, Francine Pratlong, John S Brownstein, Clark C Freifeld, Sumiko R Mekaru, Peter W Gething, Dylan B George, Monica F Myers, Richard Reithinger, Simon I Hay
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  1. Plant biology
Host-induced bacterial cell wall decomposition mediates pattern-triggered immunity in Arabidopsis
Arabidopsis lysozyme LYS1 generates soluble peptidoglycan fragments to mediate pattern-triggered immunity.
Xiaokun Liu, Heini M Grabherr, Roland Willmann, Dagmar Kolb, Frédéric Brunner, Ute Bertsche, Daniel Kühner, Mirita Franz-Wachtel, Bushra Amin, Georg Felix, Marc Ongena, Thorsten Nürnberger, Andrea A Gust
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  1. Biochemistry
  2. Biophysics and structural biology
A molecular model for the role of SYCP3 in meiotic chromosome organisation
A structural and biochemical study of human SYCP3 provides the first molecular model for the three-dimensional organisation that is imposed upon chromosomal DNA during meiosis and is essential for genetic exchange and fertility.
Johanna Liinamaria Syrjänen, Luca Pellegrini, Owen Richard Davies
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  1. Cell biology
  2. Genomics and evolutionary biology
Evolution of histone 2A for chromatin compaction in eukaryotes
The N-terminal domain in histone 2A serves as an evolutionary tool to enable greater chromatin compaction when genome size is disproportionately larger than the nuclear volume across eukaryotes.
Benjamin R Macadangdang, Amit Oberai, Tanya Spektor, Oscar A Campos, Fang Sheng, Michael F Carey, Maria Vogelauer, Siavash K Kurdistani
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  1. Cell biology
G-protein-coupled receptor signaling and polarized actin dynamics drive cell-in-cell invasion
siRNA knockdown experiments reveal in detail the signaling pathway that controls cytoskeletal function during cell-in-cell invasion.
Vladimir Purvanov, Manuel Holst, Jameel Khan, Christian Baarlink, Robert Grosse
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  1. Developmental biology and stem cells
The transcription factor Pou3f1 promotes neural fate commitment via activation of neural lineage genes and inhibition of external signaling pathways
The transcription factor Pou3f1 triggers embryonic stem cells to become neuronal progenitor cells in two ways: by activating the expression of pro-neuronal genes and by blocking external inhibitory signaling cascades.
Qingqing Zhu, Lu Song, Guangdun Peng, Na Sun, Jun Chen, Ting Zhang, Nengyin Sheng, Wei Tang, Cheng Qian, Yunbo Qiao, Ke Tang, Jing-Dong Jackie Han, Jinsong Li, Naihe Jing
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  1. Neuroscience
PDF neuron firing phase-shifts key circadian activity neurons in Drosophila
A few circadian ‘evening’ neurons within the Drosophila brain play a key role in driving activity as well as keeping time, whereas the well-known PDF-containing morning cells are likely involved in integrating and transmitting light information.
Fang Guo, Isadora Cerullo, Xiao Chen, Michael Rosbash
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Hidden synaptic differences in a neural circuit underlie differential behavioral susceptibility to a neural injury
Animal-to-animal variability in neural circuit elements is often hidden under normal conditions, but becomes functionally relevant when the system is challenged by injury.
Akira Sakurai, Arianna N Tamvacakis, Paul S Katz
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