Quantifying feral pig interactions to inform disease transmission networks
- School of Veterinary Science, The University of Queensland, Australia
- The University of Queensland, School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, Australian Centre for Ecogenomics, Australia
- NSW Department of Primary Industries, Vertebrate Pest Research Unit, Australia
- Pest Animal Research Centre, Biosecurity Queensland, Department of Agriculture and Fisheries, Australia
- School of Sciences, University of Southern Queensland, Australia
- School of the Environment, The University of Queensland, Australia
- Centre for Invasive Species Solutions, S. Bruce Australian Capital Territory, Australia
Figures
Figure 1
Map of Australia identifying the location (name of the population) of the study site.
Figure 2
Betweenness (log) and degree measures at the individual level for each population and by sex, where green represents males and red represents females.
Figure 3 with 3 supplements
Node-level measures (5 m threshold), including betweenness, centrality, degree, log(betweenness) and strength by sex for (a) direct network and (b) indirect network.
Figure 3—figure supplement 1
Sensitivity analysis.
Global network measures derived from thresholds of 2, 5, and 350 metres.
Figure 3—figure supplement 2
Density comparison between different thresholds.
(a) Global transitivity, (b) mean distance, and (c) degree.
Figure 3—figure supplement 3
Comparison between global network measures, including average local transitivity, edge density, global transitivity, mean distance and number of edges for direct and indirect networks using a 5 metres threshold.
Figure 4
Home range overlaps per dyad for each season.
Figure 5
Diagram of direct and indirect means contact rate for each season for dyads between sounders and within sounders per year and population.
Figure 6 with 1 supplement
Diagram of direct and indirect mean contact rate for each season for dyads between sounders and within sounders per year and population.
Figure 6—figure supplement 1
Diagram of direct and indirect means contact rate for dyads between sounders and within sounders per year and population with a 2 metres threshold and a 5 metres threshold.
Tables
Table 1
Differences between sex and network measures using Wilcoxon rank-sum test for direct and indirect contact.
| Direct Contact Network | Indirect Contact Networks | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Network measures | Mean rank (SD) | W Statistic | p-value | Mean rank (SD) | W Statistic | p-value | ||
| Female | Male | Female | Male | |||||
| Centrality | 0.263 (0.44) | 0.146 (0.32) | 7215.5 | 0.968 | 0.304 (0.41) | 0.256 (0.36) | 7204 | 0.985 |
| Betweenness | 4.77 (20.5) | 7.75 (23.0) | 6707.5 | 0.25 | 3.06 (7.59) | 8.51 (18.1) | 6162.5 | 0.021 |
| Strength | 0.012 (0.019) | 0.004 (0.009) | 8311.5 | 0.037 | 0.033 (0.043) | 0.023 (0.033) | 8086.5 | 0.097 |
| Degree | 2.56 (3.10) | 3.10 (3.60) | 6892 | 0.569 | 4.01 (4.55) | 5.93 (6.34) | 6165.5 | 0.054 |
| SD: Standard deviation | ||||||||
Table 2
Association between the mean contact rate within sounders, between sounders and overall and the distinct types of contacts (female-female, male-male, female-male) and seasons (autumn, spring, summer, winter), for direct and indirect contact calculated with 5 metres threshold.
| Response variable | Direct contact (within 5 min) | Indirect contact (within 5 d) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Estimate | Std error | p-value | Estimate | Std error | p-value | ||
| Overall contact rates (within and between) | |||||||
| Contact type (within) Male-male Female-male Spring Summer Winter | 0.86 | 0.20 | <0.001 | 0.67 | 0.05 | <0.001 | |
| –1.40 | 0.33 | <0.001 | –0.45 | 0.09 | <0.001 | ||
| –0.95 | 0.27 | <0.001 | –0.31 | 0.07 | <0.001 | ||
| 0.56 | 0.31 | 0.07 | 0.04 | 0.09 | 0.06 | ||
| 0.87 | 0.30 | 0.004 | 0.31 | 0.08 | <0.001 | ||
| 0.46 | 0.30 | 0.13 | 0.03 | 0.09 | 0.77 | ||
| Contact rates within the sounder | |||||||
| Male-male Female-male Spring Summer Winter | –1.59 | 0.45 | <0.001 | –0.36 | 0.12 | 0.001 | |
| –1.26 | 0.41 | <0.001 | –0.37 | 0.10 | <0.001 | ||
| 0.40 | 0.32 | 0.28 | –0.15 | 0.11 | 0.18 | ||
| 0.89 | 0.37 | 0.01 | –0.01 | 0.10 | 0.85 | ||
| 0.28 | 0.36 | 0.43 | –0.18 | 0.11 | 0.11 | ||
| Contact rates between sounders | |||||||
| Male-male Female-male Spring Summer Winter | –0.17 | 0.51 | 0.73 | –0.44 | 0.13 | <0.001 | |
| 0.41 | 0.45 | 0.37 | –0.23 | 0.11 | 0.04 | ||
| 1.18 | 0.46 | 0.13 | 0.23 | 0.13 | 0.08 | ||
| 1.05 | 0.49 | 0.04 | 0.75 | 0.13 | <0.001 | ||
| 1.13 | 0.53 | 0.04 | 0.27 | 0.13 | 0.05 | ||
| Std error: standard error | |||||||
Additional files
-
Supplementary file 1
Summary of the mean direct contact rate per population, year, season, and type of dyad.
- https://cdn.elifesciences.org/articles/102643/elife-102643-supp1-v1.docx
-
MDAR checklist
- https://cdn.elifesciences.org/articles/102643/elife-102643-mdarchecklist1-v1.docx
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Quantifying feral pig interactions to inform disease transmission networks
eLife 13:RP102643.
https://doi.org/10.7554/eLife.102643.3
