Odors evoke PER through GRNs
(A) Integrated PER duration in intact (n = 28) and olfactory organs removed (n = 32) wild type flies. Flies with olfactory organs removed show less PER compared to control flies. p = 0.005. (B-G) Integrated PER duration in control (UAS-Kir2.1/+, n = 20, B), Orco ORN silenced (Orco-Gal4>UAS-Kir2.1, n = 24, C), and GRN silenced (Gr5a-Gal4>UAS-Kir2.1, n = 25, D; Gr66a-Gal4>UAS-Kir2.1, n = 24, E; Ppk28-Gal4>UAS-Kir2.1, n = 28, F; Ir94e-Gal4>UAS-Kir2.1, n = 23, G) flies. Each silenced line was compared to the control in B. p = 0.06, 1e-6, 0.39, 0.10 and 0.12 for C-G. Silencing of Orco ORNs and Gr5a GRNs reduce odor-evoked PER. (H) Integrated PER duration in control (UAS-Kir2.1/+, n = 21) and Gr66a GRN silenced (Gr66a-Gal4>UAS-Kir2.1, n = 21) flies in a fed state. Silencing of Gr66a GRNs enhances odor-evoked PER in a fed state. Odor concentration was 10−1. p = 0.002. (I) Integrated PER duration in control (n = 29) and Gr5a mutant (n = 29) flies. PER is severely reduced in mutant flies. p = 1.0e-5. (J-L) Integrated PER duration in control and Obp RNAi flies. Obp57d/e RNAi flies show reduced (n = 33 and 25 for control and RNAi), Obp49a RNAi flies show enhanced (n = 24 and 20 for control and RNAi), and Obp19b RNAi flies show similar level of PER (n = 24 and 21 for control and RNAi) as compared to their respective controls. p = 0.006, 0.005, and 0.24 for J-L. Scheirer–Ray–Hare test. Box plots indicate the median (gray line), mean (black dot), quartiles (box), and 5-95% range (bar).