Rate of K99 and R00 awards and conversion by year. A) Total extramural K99 awards and R00 awards made by year. B) Annual rolling conversion rate of R00 award activation compared to the number of K99 awards activated in the prior year The formula is: (X/(Y -1))x100 where X is the number of R00 awards made in a year and Y is the number of K99 awards made in a year. Average rolling retention rate (81.8%) from 2008-2022 shown in dashed line. C) Annual rolling conversion rate of R00 award activation compared to the number of K99 awards activated in the prior year stratified by whether the R00 was activated at the same or different institution as the K99 award. Average retention rates for R00 at different institution (93.9%) and the same institution (69.4%) are shown in dashed lines. D) Total number of extramural R00 awards per year at the same institution or different institution. E) Annual stacked bar plots showing the percentage of R00 awards and whether they were at the same institution or different institution. F) Within the K99 to R00 conversions at the same institution, annual stacked bar plots showing the percentage of R00 awards and whether they were at the same department or different department.

Cartographic representation of the number of K99 and R00 awards by institutional location and state from 2007-2008 through 2021-2022. Note no individual award or grant is counted more than 1 time.

Sankey diagram of all successful K99 to R00 award transfers from 2007-2022 with the K99 institution on the left and R00 institution on the right. An interactive version of this figure can be found at: Interactive Sankey diagram can be found at: https://k99tor00.shinyapps.io/K99-R00_Sankey/

Number and frequency of R00 faculty hires from specific types of K99 institutions from 2006-2022. Note, each column sums to 100%. *=excluding self-hires to the same institution.

Number of K99 awards per year to either men or women (left Y axis) and the percentage of K99 awardees that are women (right Y axis).

Number and frequency of men and women receiving K99 and R00 awards and whether they successfully converted K99 to R00 awards from 2006-2022.

The percentage of recipients by the institution type for K99 (A) and R00 (B) and the number of different institutions within institution type that has received K99 (B) and R00 (E) awards from 2006-2022. The percentage of institution types receiving K99 (C) and R00 (F) awards by year from 2006-2022.

Number and frequency of K99 and R00 awardees and which type of institution they received the award at. Successful K99-R00 transitions show the K99 award institution from 2006-2022. The 2842 R00 recipients includes recipients of NIH intramural K99 awards.

Number and frequency of institution type that received K99 and R00 awardees from 2006-2022.

Cox proportional hazard model examining K99/R00 awardees success at receiving subsequent major extramural NIH awards by mobility, classified as women or men, and R00 institutional NIH funding level. Mobility is classified whether the K99 awardee moved to a new institution for the R00 award activation or stayed at the same institution. Classification of women or men was determined by name (see Methods for description and limitations). R00 institution funding level is classified as: 1 = 25 highest NIH funded institutions in 2022 and 2: all other institutions. A) Survival curve demonstrating all 8 possible classifications. B) Cox proportional hazard model hazard ratio, 95% confidence interval, and P-value. Survival plots showing the individual components of the full model including C) NIH funding + mobility, D) mobility + women/men, E) NIH funding + women/men, F) mobility, G) women/men, and H) NIH funding.

A) Sankey diagram of faculty members that received doctoral degrees from HBCUs (on left) and the faculty institution they moved to (on right). B) Sankey diagram of faculty members at HBCUs (on right) and where they received their doctoral degrees (on left). Interactive versions of these figures can be found at: https://dantyrr.github.io/K99-R00-analysis/HBCU_deg.html for Figure 7A and https://dantyrr.github.io/K99-R00-analysis/HBCU_faculty.html for Figure 7B.

Pie charts showing where faculty from biology, biomedical, health and related fields from 32 select institutions received their doctoral degrees (from 2010 to 2020) by percentage. Colors used were selected as a colorblind safe color scheme.

Pie charts showing the type of institution that faculty from biology, biomedical, health and related fields from 32 select institutions received their doctoral degrees (from 2010 to 2020) by percentage. Colors used were selected as a colorblind safe color scheme.