Schematic overview of the core components of the Poseidon framework. The Poseidon package specification forms the foundation on which various open source software tools and the Minotaur workflow are based. They, in turn, underpin and enable the public Poseidon data archives.

Schematic overview of the Poseidon package structure. The POSEIDON.yml file defines the package and interlinks the additional data files for genotype, context- and bibliography information in a relational structure.

Schematic overview of the most common interaction pathways between the archaeogenetic community of practice and the Poseidon infrastructure. Community members share data either by preparing .ssf files as build-instructions for the Minotaur workflow or by directly submitting packages to the Community Archive. The data in the archives can then in turn be downloaded from the archives through the Poseidon webserver and its API.

Spatiotemporal distribution of ancient individuals in the PCA and PAA (AADR v54.1.p1) public Poseidon archives. See Supplementary Text 8 for an explanation of how individuals were counted. The map shows the qualitative presence and absence of samples from both archives in a 5°-resolution grid. Especially highlighted are areas and time periods for which the PCA includes samples from currently 13 author-submitted Poseidon packages.

Multiple charts to compare the current content of the PCA and PAA (AADR v54.1.p1) public Poseidon archives. See Supplementary Text 8 for an explanation of how individuals were counted and more in-depth descriptions of each chart. A) Stacked barchart of publications and how they are distributed across packages in PCA and PAA. Publications represented in multiple packages are counted towards the shaded area to get a correct total, B) Barcode plot of individuals available in each archive per publication through time, C) Stacked barchart of individuals and how they were added to the archives, D) Sankey diagram of individuals matching across PCA and PAA, highlighting individuals unique to each archive on the right, E) Stacked barchart of dating information per individual available in the archives, F) Stacked barchart of spatial coordinate coverage in the archives.