Sensory deprivation suppresses cortical responsiveness through a selective remodeling of excitatory and inhibitory microcircuit motifs, by simultaneously amplifying feedforward and suppressing feedback excitation.

Time-ordered and flexible motor sequences in C.elegans are generated by combining an excitatory feedforward coupling and mutual inhibitions between neurons in different functional modules.

In vivo whole-cell recordings in the piriform cortex show that two classes of layer 1 interneurons respond differently to odors, suggesting that these neurons provide kinetically distinctive types of odor-evoked feedforward inhibition.

Delayed inhibition precisely balances excitation from arbitrary combinations of CA3 neurons and controls the gain of CA1 output by reducing inhibitory delay with increasing excitation.

The relative recruitment of excitatory and inhibitory neurons by cortico-cortical interareal pathways depends on the hierarchy of areas and the laminar location of the neurons.

Immature and mature granule cells in the hippocampal dentate gyrus show differing responses to physiologically relevant stimuli, with immature cells better at encoding stimulus frequency and mature cells better at encoding stimulus onset.

A novel mechanism describes how tonic activation of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors can modulate the timing of striatal output by priming feedforward inhibition.

Central thalamus relay neurons dynamically switch the activity of cortical and subcortical networks at distinct frequencies, providing a mechanism for this region's role in arousal regulation.

Connectomics of the octopus 'fan-out fan-in’ learning network reveals that the intermediate layer uses approximately 22×10⁶ excitatory interneurons, each can store a single sensory input, while approximately 400×10³ integrating inhibitory interneurons adjust the network output level.

The strongly coupled theoretical regime describes the function of mouse sensory and motor cortical areas.