Neuron hemilineages provide the functional ground plan for the Drosophila ventral nervous system
- Janelia Research Campus, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, United States
Figures
Figure 1
The different strategies that were used to establish lines that showed selective expression in defined hemilineages.
The strategies are based on a screen through the large collection of enhancer lines built from cis regulatory modules (CRMs) of CNS expressed genes. (A) For CRMs whose thoracic expression is …
Figure 2
Strategy for clean expression of hemilineages into the adult stage.
Z-projections of confocal stacks showing the expression pattern driven by R24B02 used in various genetic combinations. Arrowheads show the t1 and t2 clusters of hemilineage 12A. (A, B) Pattern shown …
Figure 3 with 1 supplement
nSyb-GAL80 suppresses GAL4 expression specifically in mature neurons.
Yellow arrowheads show location of hemilineage 12B cell clusters in the thoracic segments. (A) In the third-instar larva, R57C10-GAL4, a nSynaptobrevin promoter fusion-GAL4 drives expression in …
Figure 3—figure supplement 1
UAS-hPR-flp is fully active in the presence of RU486, but inactive without drug.
(A) R20B05-GAL4 drives UAS-GFP expression in all secondary neurons. (B) A larva bearing the genotype pJFRC2-UAS>STOP>GFP(attP18)/w; +; UAS-hPR-flp(VK00005)/R20B05-GAL4 and fed on RU486 food for 24 …
Figure 4 with 1 supplement
The anatomy and behavioral consequences of stimulating hemilineages 1A through 5B.
Each hemilineage is depicted as a projected confocal Z-stack of the VNS (T1, T2, T3 and the fused abdominal neuromeres) (A, E, G, K, M, P) and a transverse projection through segment T2 (B, F, H, L, …
Figure 4—figure supplement 1
Dorsal (A) and transverse (B) view of the adult VNS showing a MARCM clone for the T2 lineage 1.
The 1B siblings have been pulled anteriorly into T1 where they branch through the ipsilateral leg neuropil. The 1A siblings are projection neurons with ventral (v) arbor in both the ipsi- and …
Figure 5 with 1 supplement
The anatomy and behavioral consequences of stimulating hemilineages 6A through 9A.
Organization of panels and general symbols are as in Figure 4. (A–D) Hemilineage 6A. (A, B) The 6A neurons are in prominent ventromedial clusters in segments T1 through A1. They ramify through the …
Figure 5—figure supplement 1
Dorsal (A) and transverse (B) view of the adult VNS showing a MARCM clone for the T3 lineage 7.
From the cell cluster (arrowhead) the cells project dorsally to elaborate a dense arbor (i) in the ipsilateral tectulum neuropil and then cross via an anterior commissure and extend an anterior …
Figure 6 with 1 supplement
The anatomy and behavioral consequences of stimulating hemilineages 10B through 14A.
Organization of panels and general symbols are as in Figure 4. (A–C) Hemilineage 10B. (A, B) The 10B clusters are ventromedially located in the anterior part of the segment. They project across an …
Figure 6—figure supplement 1
tsh-GAL80 eliminates expression specifically in the VNC.
(A) The lineage 11 genotype drives GFP expression in the VNC in lineage 11 (yellow arrowheads, arrows) and occasionally in descending axons (*). (B) The same genotype as in (A), but with the …
Figure 7 with 1 supplement
The anatomy and behavioral consequences of stimulating hemilineages 15B through 24B.
Organization of panels and general symbols are as in Figure 4. (A–C) Hemilineage 15B. (A, B) The larger of the two motor lineages. Cell bodies are located in the anterolateral region of the segment …
Figure 7—figure supplement 1
Dorsal (A) and transverse (B) view of the T2 region of the adult VNS showing a lineage 19 MARCM clone.
The 19A siblings project ventrally into the ipsilateral leg neuropil while the 19B siblings project across the posterior commissure (white arrowhead). (C, D) Z-projections of ventral (C) and dorsal …
Figure 8
Generation of a vPR6-specific line by intersecting hemilineage 12A and fru-LexA.
(A, B) Parental expression patterns. (A) The fru-LexA expression pattern. The female thoracic pattern is a subset of the male pattern, and many of the neurons have dimorphic arbors. (B) Hemilineage …
Figure 9
Relationship of hemilineages to neuron type and to classes of evoked behavior.
(A) Summary of the range of behaviors in decapitated flies elicited by stimulation of the neurons in each of the hemilineage groups using TRPA1 expression and a heat ramp to activate the …
Videos
Video 1
Control, decapitated flies of the genotype R24B02-GAL4 subjected to a 24° to 37°C heat ramp and recorded at 60 frames per second (fps).
This video related to Figure 4.
Video 2
Behavioral effects of exciting the neurons in hemilineage 1A.
This video related to Figure 4. Decapitated flies expressing TRPA1 under control of R22G11 are subjected to a 24° to 37°C heat ramp and recorded at 60 fps. Full genotype in Supplementary file 1.
Video 3
Behavioral effects of exciting the neurons in hemilineage 2A.
This video related to Figure 4. Decapitated flies expressing TRPA1 under control of R50G08 are subjected to a 24° to 37°C heat ramp and recorded at 60 fps. Full genotype in Supplementary file 1.
Video 4
Behavioral effects of exciting the neurons in hemilineage 3B.
This video related to Figure 4. Decapitated flies expressing TRPA1 under control of R23B05 are subjected to a 24° to 37°C heat ramp and recorded at 60 fps. Full genotype in Supplementary file 1.
Video 5
Behavioral effects of exciting the neurons in hemilineage 5B.
This video related to Figure 4. Decapitated flies expressing TRPA1 under control of R86D02 are subjected to a 24° to 37°C heat ramp and recorded at 60 fps. Full genotype in Supplementary file 1.
Video 6
Behavioral effects of exciting the neurons in hemilineage 6A.
This video related to Figure 5. Decapitated flies expressing TRPA1 under control of R35A03 are subjected to a 24° to 37°C heat ramp and recorded at 60 fps. Full genotype in Supplementary file 1.
Video 7
Behavioral effects of exciting the neurons in hemilineage 6B.
This video related to Figure 5. Decapitated flies expressing TRPA1 under control of R46C11 are subjected to a 24° to 37°C heat ramp and recorded at 60 fps. Full genotype in Supplementary file 1.
Video 8
Behavioral effects of exciting the neurons in hemilineage 7B.
This video related to Figure 5. Decapitated flies expressing TRPA1 under control of R65A12 are subjected to a 24° to 32°C heat ramp and recorded at 60 fps. Full genotype in Supplementary file 1.
Video 9
High-speed video showing the behavioral effect of exciting the neurons in hemilineage 7B.
This video related to Figure 5. Decapitated flies expressing TRPA1 under control of R65A12 are subjected to a 24° to 32°C heat ramp and recorded at 3000 fps. Full genotype in Supplementary file 1.
Video 10
Behavioral effects of exciting the neurons in hemilineage 8A.
This video related to Figure 5. Decapitated flies expressing TRPA1 under control of R69H11 are subjected to a 24° to 32°C heat ramp and recorded at 60 fps. Full genotype in Supplementary file 1.
Video 11
Behavioral effects of exciting the neurons in hemilineage 9A.
This video related to Figure 5. Decapitated flies expressing TRPA1 under control of R52E12 are subjected to a 24° to 37°C heat ramp and recorded at 60 frames per second (fps). Full genotype in Supple…
Video 12
Behavioral effects of exciting the neurons in hemilineage 10B.
This video related to Figure 6. Decapitated flies expressing TRPA1 under control of R13B08 are subjected to a 24° to 32°C heat ramp and recorded at 30 fps. Full genotype in Supplementary file 1.
Video 13
High-speed video showing the behavioral effect of exciting the neurons in hemilineages 11A and B.
This video related to Figure 6. Decapitated flies expressing TRPA1 under control of R26B05 are subjected to a 24° to 37°C heat ramp and recorded at 6400 fps. Full genotype in Supplementary file 1.
Video 14
Behavioral effects of exciting the neurons in hemilineage 12A.
This video related to Figure 6. Decapitated flies expressing TRPA1 under control of R24B02 are subjected to a 24° to 37°C heat ramp and recorded at 60 fps. Full genotype in Supplementary file 1.
Video 15
Behavioral effects of exciting the neurons in hemilineage 12B.
This video related to Figure 6. Decapitated flies expressing TRPA1 under control of R15D11 are subjected to a 24° to 37°C heat ramp and recorded at 60 fps. Full genotype in Supplementary file 1.
Video 16
Behavioral effects of exciting the neurons in hemilineage 13B.
This video related to Figure 6. Decapitated flies expressing TRPA1 under control of R41G09 are subjected to a 24° to 32°C heat ramp and recorded at 60 fps. Full genotype in Supplementary file 1.
Video 17
Behavioral effects of exciting the neurons in hemilineage 18B.
This video related to Figure 7. Decapitated flies expressing TRPA1 under control of R27A09 are subjected to a 24° to 37°C heat ramp and recorded at 60 fps. Full genotype in Supplementary file 1.
Video 18
Behavioral effects of exciting the neurons in hemilineage 19A.
This video related to Figure 7. Decapitated flies expressing TRPA1 under control of R32E04 are subjected to a 24° to 32°C heat ramp and recorded at 60 fps. Full genotype in Supplementary file 1.
Video 19
Behavioral effects of exciting the neurons in hemilineages 20A and 22A.
This video related to Figure 7. Decapitated flies expressing TRPA1 under control of R24G06 are subjected to a 24° to 32°C heat ramp and recorded at 60 fps. Full genotype in Supplementary file 1.
Video 20
Behavioral effects of exciting the neurons in hemilineage 21A.
This video related to Figure 7. Decapitated flies expressing TRPA1 under control of R51H05 are subjected to a 24° to 32°C heat ramp and recorded at 30 fps. Full genotype in Supplementary file 1.
Video 21
Behavioral effects of exciting the neurons in hemilineage 23B.
This video related to Figure 7. Decapitated flies expressing TRPA1 under control of R77C10 are subjected to a 24° to 32°C heat ramp and recorded at 60 fps. Full genotype in Supplementary file 1.
Video 22
Behavioral effects of exciting the motorneurons in hemilineage 24B.
This video related to Figure 7. Decapitated flies expressing TRPA1 under control of R22G11 are subjected to a 24° to 32°C heat ramp and recorded at 30 fps. Full genotype in Supplementary file 1.
Additional files
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Supplementary file 1
Genotypes used for anatomical and behavioral characterization of the hemilineages and the amount of off-target expression in the ventral nervous system of each.
- https://doi.org/10.7554/eLife.04493.039
