Starvation promotes concerted modulation of appetitive olfactory behavior via parallel neuromodulatory circuits
- University of California, San Diego, United States
Figures
Figure 1 with 1 supplement
Starvation state fine-tunes appetitive behavior.
(A) A single fly assay was used to measure food search behavior. The coordinates of representative fed (left) and starved (right) flies show their positions during a 10-min period in response to 5% …
Figure 1—figure supplement 1
Food search behavior in control and knockdown flies.
(A) The appetitive index of fed control and sNPFR knockdown flies compared to a starved Orco-Gal4 control. n = 60–124 for each condition. (B) The appetitive index of the fed control and DTKR …
Figure 2 with 1 supplement
Starvation-dependent neuropeptide signaling modulates sensitivity of the DM1 and DM5 glomeruli.
(A) Representative two photon images of projection neuron (PN) dendritic calcium responses to 80% saturated vapor (SV) of apple cider vinegar in starved DTKR knockdown flies. Grey-scale images show …
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Figure 2—source data 1
Glomerular responses to vinegar in fed and starved flies.
- https://doi.org/10.7554/eLife.08298.007
Figure 2—figure supplement 1
PN responses to vinegar in flies with DTKR knockdown.
Two-photon imaging of PN dendritic calcium responses. (A) Peak ΔF/F in glomeruli that are activated by 80% SV cider vinegar in control and DTKR knockdown flies. (B) Peak ΔF/F in the DM1 glomerulus …
Figure 3
Tachykinin released by antennal lobe local interneurons (LNs) is necessary for starvation-dependent suppression of DM5 glomerular activity.
(A) Representative traces showing ΔF/F in the DM5 glomerulus in flies that have UAS-DTK-RNAi in ORNs (Orco-Gal4) or in LNs (GH298-Gal4). Bar graph depicts peak ΔF/F for each indicated genotype. …
Figure 4
sNPF and DTK modulatory mechanisms target different sensory neurons.
(A, B) Representative traces of calcium activity (left) in the DM1 and DM5 PNs in response to olfactory nerve stimulation before and after bath application of sNPF (A) or DTK (B) synthetic peptides. …
Figure 5
Insulin controls DTKR signaling.
(A) Peak ΔF/F responses of the DM5 glomerulus to cider vinegar (left) and the appetitive index of flies (right) that were fed overnight with 4% sucrose alone or sucrose with the PI3K blocker, …
Figure 6
How starvation changes early olfactory processing.
(A) A schematic diagram depicting anatomical locations for Or42b and Or85a ORNs in the fly antenna as well as their corresponding glomeruli, DM1 and DM5, respectively, in the antennal lobe. LNs …
Tables
Table 1
Differentially expressed GPCRs in the antennae of fed and starved flies
| FlyBase ID | Gene | Gene name | Count ratio | p-value | FPKM starved |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| A. Receptors for biogenic amines and related compounds | |||||
| FBgn0011582 | DopR | Dopamine receptor | 1.52 | 0.000 | 2.59 |
| FBgn0053517 | D2R | Dopamine 2-like receptor | 1.32 | 0.001 | 1.63 |
| FBgn0038980 | oa2 | Octopamine receptor 2 | 1.29 | 0.000 | 19.64 |
| FBgn0038542 | TyrR | Tyramine receptor | 1.23 | 0.020 | 0.85 |
| FBgn0004168 | 5-HT1A | Serotonin receptor 1A | 1.21 | 0.000 | 8.27 |
| FBgn0250910 | Octbeta3R | Octbeta3R | 1.20 | 0.000 | 17.00 |
| FBgn0037546 | mAChR-B | muscarinic Acetylcholine Receptor, B-type | 1.18 | 0.000 | 10.28 |
| FBgn0004514 | Oct-TyrR | Octopamine-Tyramine receptor | 1.16 | 0.021 | 2.09 |
| FBgn0087012 | 5-HT2 | Serotonin receptor 2 | 1.15 | 0.000 | 10.50 |
| FBgn0024944 | Oamb | Octopamine receptor in mushroom bodies | 1.15 | 0.000 | 37.92 |
| FBgn0000037 | mAcR-60C | muscarinic Acetylcholine receptor 60C | 1.14 | 0.000 | 6.74 |
| FBgn0035538 | DopEcR | Dopamine/Ecdysteroid receptor | 1.08 | 0.000 | 133.42 |
| FBgn0015129 | DopR2 | Dopamine receptor 2 | 1.07 | 0.044 | 4.67 |
| FBgn0038063 | Octbeta2R | Octbeta2R | 0.79 | 0.003 | 1.30 |
| B. Peptide receptors | |||||
| FBgn0039396 | CcapR | Cardioacceleratory peptide receptor | 2.42 | 0.017 | 0.13 |
| FBgn0004622 | Takr99D | Tachykinin-like receptor at 99D | 1.67 | 0.029 | 0.28 |
| FBgn0003255 | rk | rickets | 1.50 | 0.000 | 0.98 |
| FBgn0033579 | CG13229 | – | 1.45 | 0.002 | 1.78 |
| FBgn0053696 | CNMaR | CNMamide Receptor | 1.44 | 0.019 | 0.51 |
| FBgn0036934 | sNPF-R | short neuropeptide F receptor | 1.41 | 0.000 | 7.26 |
| FBgn0028961 | AlstR | Allatostatin receptor | 1.30 | 0.011 | 0.85 |
| FBgn0035331 | DmsR-1 | Dromyosuppressin receptor 1 | 1.26 | 0.003 | 1.59 |
| FBgn0038880 | SIFR | SIFamide receptor | 1.20 | 0.000 | 2.78 |
| FBgn0259231 | CCKLR-17D1 | CCK-like receptor at 17D1 | 1.13 | 0.000 | 68.50 |
| FBgn0025631 | moody | moody | 1.09 | 0.000 | 50.86 |
| FBgn0016650 | Fsh | Fsh-Tsh-like receptor | 1.08 | 0.021 | 7.74 |
| FBgn0085410 | TrissinR | Trissin receptor | 1.06 | 0.025 | 15.30 |
| FBgn0038874 | ETHR | ETHR | 0.94 | 0.003 | 21.31 |
| FBgn0031770 | CG13995 | – | 0.91 | 0.000 | 15.93 |
| FBgn0004841 | Takr86C | Tachykinin-like receptor at 86C | 0.91 | 0.016 | 6.86 |
| FBgn0029723 | Proc-R | Proctolin receptor | 0.89 | 0.005 | 6.22 |
| FBgn0030954 | CCKLR-17D3 | CCK-like receptor at 17D3 | 0.79 | 0.000 | 8.62 |
| FBgn0025595 | AkhR | Adipokinetic hormone receptor | 0.74 | 0.000 | 11.06 |
| FBgn0038201 | Pk1r | Pyrokinin 1 receptor | 0.67 | 0.000 | 11.58 |
| FBgn0039354 | Lgr3 | Lgr3 | 0.51 | 0.000 | 0.24 |
| FBgn0039595 | AR-2 | Allatostatin receptor 2 | 0.39 | 0.002 | 0.11 |
| C. Metabotropic glutamate receptor family | |||||
| FBgn0050361 | mtt | mangetout | 3.27 | 0.000 | 0.54 |
| FBgn0019985 | mGluRA | metabotropic glutamate receptor | 1.94 | 0.000 | 1.14 |
| FBgn0052447 | CG32447 | – | 1.89 | 0.000 | 4.27 |
| FBgn0031275 | GABA-B-R3 | GABA-B receptor subtype 3 | 1.27 | 0.000 | 2.44 |
| FBgn0051760 | CG31760 | – | 1.17 | 0.000 | 6.36 |
| FBgn0051660 | pog | poor gastrulation | 1.16 | 0.000 | 34.68 |
| FBgn0260446 | GABA-B-R1 | GABA-B receptor subtype 1 | 1.16 | 0.000 | 33.18 |
| FBgn0085401 | CG34372 | – | 1.10 | 0.033 | 3.96 |
| FBgn0027575 | GABA-B-R2 | GABA-B receptor subtype 2 | 0.94 | 0.000 | 27.45 |
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Each RNA sample was from the antennae of 200 female flies (w1118;+;Orco-Gal4/+). Count ratio is the number of reads aligned to each gene between starved and satiated flies. FPKM, fragment per kilobase of exon per million mapped fragments. p-values were calculated on raw counts using the Fisher's exact test in edgeR package.
