Impact of a decade of successful antiretroviral therapy initiated at HIV-1 seroconversion on blood and rectal reservoirs
- Ghent University and Ghent University Hospital, Belgium
- Royal Free Hospital, United Kingdom
- Ghent University, Belgium
- Ghent University Hospital, Belgium
Figures
Figure 1
Patient cohorts in the cross-sectional study.
SRCV on antiretroviral therapy (ART): patient cohort with ART initiated at the time of HIV-1 seroconversion; LTNP: long-term non-progressors; Chronic ART: patients with ART initiated during the …
Figure 2
Total HIV-1 DNA (A) and integrated HIV-1 DNA (B) in four patient cohorts.
Data is shown as log10 copies/million (c/M) PBMCs and significant p-values are indicated by *. Differences between the cohorts were determined by Wilcoxon Signed Rank test.
Figure 3.
2-LTR circles (A), cell-associated HIV-1 usRNA (B) and CD4/CD8 ratio (C) in four patient cohorts.
Total HIV-1 DNA in rectal biopsies (D) in three patient cohorts (SRCV on ART, LTNP, and Chronic ART). Data is shown as log10 copies/million (c/M) PBMCs (A,B), ratio (C) or log10 c/M cells in rectal …
Figure 4
Correlation of total HIV-1 DNA in rectal biopsies and blood (A).
Correlation was assessed in 46 patients in whom total HIV-1 DNA was detected both in the blood and rectal biopsies, representing patients from three cohorts: SRCV on antiretroviral therapy (ART), …
Tables
Table 1
Clinical and laboratory characteristics of the four patient cohorts.
| Value for cohort* | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SRCV on ART | LTNP | Chronic ART | Recent SRCV | |
| n = 25 | n = 17 | n = 32 | n = 10 | |
| Clinical characteristics | ||||
| Age (years) | 44 (34–53) | 49 (31–51) | 48 (31–53) | 39 (30–46) |
| Number of females (%) | 0 (0) | 7 (41.2) | 5 (15.6) | 1 (10) |
| Total ART duration (years) | 10.8 (4.2–11.9) | 0 | 9.8 (4.9–14.7) | 0 |
| Viremia zenith (log10HIV-1 c/ml) | 5.5 (2.4–5.9) | 2.5 (1.6–2.8) | 4.9 (1.9–5.5) | 6.2 (5.2–6.4) |
| CD4 count, nadir (cells/mm3) | 390 (107–466) | 624 (507–693) | 155 (0–266) | 440 (284–495) |
| CD4 count at sampling (cells/mm3) | 714 (476–977) | 793 (414–1010) | 624.5 (172–889) | 440 (284–604) |
| CD4/CD8 ratio | 1.10 (0.52–1.35) | 0.91 (0.36–1.47) | 0.74 (0.23–0.93) | 0.62 (0.36–0.94) |
| Virological markers | ||||
| Total HIV-1 DNA (c/106 PBMCs) | 92 (9.8–127.7) | 48 (5.4–56.5) | 137 (8.6–219.2) | 1901.3 (602.4–4786.9) |
| Integrated HIV-1 DNA (c/106 PBMCs) | 211.3 (0–589.3) | 28.2 (0–158.4) | 586.7 (131.6–918.2) | 1802.7 (367.9–5890.6) |
| HIV-1 usRNA (c/106 PBMCs) | 1.6 (0–3.7) | 0.4 (0–3.51) | 6.1 (0–10.1) | 15.5 (0.9–100.6) |
| 2-LTR circles (c/106 PBMCs) | 2.1 (0–4.3) | 0.8 (0–2.7) | 1.3 (0–2.2) | 13.3 (5.1–21.6) |
| Total HIV-1 DNA (c/106 cells) in rectal biopsies | 27.2 (22.2–61.7) | 21.3 (16.7–34.5) | 35.1 (16–77.5) | |
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*Values are reported as median (IQR); c: copies; PBMCs: peripheral blood mononuclear cells; usRNA: unspliced RNA; ART: antiretroviral therapy; SRCV on ART: early treated seroconverters; LTNP: long-term non-progressors; Chronic ART: late treated patients during chronic HIV-1 infection; Recent SRCV: acute ART-naïve seroconverters; LTR: Long terminal repeat.
Additional files
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Supplementary file 1
Summary of primers/probe sets for PCR-based virological quantification.
- https://doi.org/10.7554/eLife.09115.008
