Decreased motor cortex excitability mirrors own hand disembodiment during the rubber hand illusion
- University of Milan, Italy
- University of Milan Medical School, Italy
- University of Turin, Italy
Figures
Figure 1
Experimental setup.
The white square indicates the opening in the experimental wooden box through which the rubber hand is visible to the subject. Subjects could see only the rubber hand being stroked by the …
Figure 2
Behavioral results following asynchronous and synchronous condition.
The average values for proprioceptive drift and emb-q-rating are plotted in A1 and A2, respectively, for the main experiment, and in B1 and B2, respectively, for the control experiments. In B3 are …
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Figure 2—source data 1
Main experiment behavioral results following asynchronous and synchronous condition.
(A) MAIN EXPERIMENT. For each subject, the proprioceptive drift (estimation of right index finger felt position) mean values, calculated as the difference between pre and post stimulation in synchronous (mean ± sd = 4.51 ± 4.2) and asynchronous (mean ± sd = 2.08 ± 2.75), are reported. (B) MAIN EXPERIMENT. For each subject, the mean rating value of the three ownership statements in synchronous (mean ± sd = 2.4 ± 0.64) and asynchronous (mean ± sd = -2.04 ± 0.9) are reported.
- https://doi.org/10.7554/eLife.14972.005
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Figure 2—source data 2
Control experiment behavioral results following asynchronous and synchronous condition.
(A) CONTROL EXPERIMENT. For each subject, the proprioceptive drift (estimation of right index finger felt position) mean values, calculated as the difference between pre and post stimulation in synchronous (mean ± sd = 2.47 ± 2.707) and asynchronous (mean ± sd = 0.075 ± 2.461), are reported. (B) CONTROL EXPERIMENT. For each subject, the mean rating value of the three ownership statements in synchronous (mean ± sd = 2 ± 0.763) and asynchronous (mean ± sd = -0.97 ± 1.387) are reported. (C) CONTROL EXPERIMENT. For each subject, the mean rating value of the three disownership statements in synchronous (mean ± sd = 0.153 ± 1.427) and asynchronous (mean ± sd = -1.15 ± 1.371) are reported.
- https://doi.org/10.7554/eLife.14972.006
Figure 3
Physiological results for the baseline, asynchronous and synchronous conditions.
Average MEP amplitude variation in the FDI muscle recorded across all subjects are plotted in A1, for the main experiment, and in B1 for the control experiments. Histograms represent the …
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Figure 3—source data 1
Main experiment physiological results during baseline, asynchronous and synchronous condition.
(A) MAIN EXPERIMENT. For each subject, the mean MEPs amplitude (row values in µV), recorded during baseline (mean ± sd = 945.204 ± 535.076), asynchronous condition (mean ± sd = 918.075 ± 635.777) and synchronous condition (mean ± sd = 527.328 ± 325.998), are reported. (B) MAIN EXPERIMENT. For each subject, the mean MEPs amplitude (normalized z-scores), recorded during baseline (mean ± sd = 0.277 ± 0.691), asynchronous condition (mean ± sd = 0.205 ± 0.395) and synchronous condition (mean ± sd = -0.367 ± 0.362), are reported. In the z-scores computation, the mean and the sd of the three conditions were used to normalized row data according to the formula x-mean/sd. (C) MAIN EXPERIMENT. For each subject, mean amplitude of 5 MEPs (normalized z-scores) at four time-point recorded during synchronous condition are reported (respectively mean ± sd of TIME 1, 2, 3, 4: -0.239 ± 0.425, -0.284 ± 0.620, -0.389 ± 0.385, -0.548 ± 0.394).
- https://doi.org/10.7554/eLife.14972.008
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Figure 3—source data 2
Control experiment physiological results during baseline, asynchronous and synchronous condition.
(A) CONTROL EXPERIMENT. For each subject, the mean MEPs amplitude (row values in µV), recorded during baseline (mean ± sd = 725.665 ± 365.104), asynchronous condition (mean ± sd = 734.398 ± 416.262) and synchronous condition (mean ± sd = 685.368 ± 469.286), are reported. (B) CONTROL EXPERIMENT. For each subject, the mean MEPs amplitude (normalized z-scores), recorded during baseline (mean ± sd = 0.057 ± 0.368), asynchronous condition (mean ± sd = 0.045 ± 0.262) and synchronous condition (mean ± sd = -0.104 ± 0.399), are reported. In the z-scores computation, the mean and the sd of the three conditions were used to normalized row data according to the formula x-mean/sd. (C) CONTROL EXPERIMENT. For each subject, mean amplitude of 5 MEPs (normalized z-scores) at four time-point recorded during synchronous condition are reported (respectively mean ± sd of TIME 1, 2, 3, 4: −0.092 ± 0.483, −0.224 ± 0.435, −0.093 ± 0.656, −0.009 ± 0.587).
- https://doi.org/10.7554/eLife.14972.009
Additional files
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Supplementary file 1
Supplementary Materials.
- https://doi.org/10.7554/eLife.14972.010
