An event map of memory space in the hippocampus
- Radboud University Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany
- NTNU - Norwegian University of Science and Technology, St. Olavs University Hospital, Norway
Figures
Figure 1 with 3 supplements
Learning spatio-temporal trajectories in virtual reality.
(A) Overview of the route participants had to take through the virtual reality city Donderstown. 16 objects were presented along the route (see Figure 1—figure supplement 1 for details on the …
Figure 1—figure supplement 1
Overview of the 16 objects used in the picture viewing tasks and the learning task.
The 17th object (the key, see bottom row) was only shown in the picture viewing task and served as the target stimulus: participants had to press a button whenever they saw this picture.
Figure 1—figure supplement 2
Performance during the VR learning task.
In the route learning task, participants had to walk from one box to the next and learned object identities associated with the boxes. They walked along a specific route (14 route repetitions) and …
Figure 1—figure supplement 3
Pairwise spatial and temporal distances are independent from each other.
Scatter plot of the actual distance between object pairs with regard to space and time in the learning task. Distances were z-scored. There was no significant correlation between spatial and …
Figure 2 with 2 supplements
Results from the distance judgment task.
(A) Accuracy in the distance judgment task was assessed by correlating the actual distance between pairs of items with the distance ratings given by participants during the memory task (illustrated …
Figure 2—figure supplement 1
Participants acquire knowledge about the temporal and spatial structure of events.
Participants’ remembered spatial (left) and temporal (right) distance between objects is plotted relative to the actual spatial and temporal distance of objects in the learning task, respectively. …
Figure 2—figure supplement 2
Results from the subsequent map test.
This test was used to probe participants’ memory of the location of the items. During the map test, participants were shown the picture of an item which they had encountered in the city and were …
Figure 3
Assessing memory-related changes in neural similarity as a result of learning the spatio-temporal event structure.
FMRI data were acquired during two blocks of an identical picture viewing task (‘PVT’, in red) before and after the virtual navigation learning task (gold). This allowed us to measure the …
Figure 4 with 1 supplement
Methodological procedure for ROI pattern similarity analysis.
(A) Illustration of first level analysis. Both for the picture viewing task pre and picture viewing task post, activity of all voxels within a ROI (e.g. bilateral hippocampus) is extracted across …
Figure 4—figure supplement 1
Methodological procedure for searchlight pattern similarity analysis.
Both for the picture viewing task pre and picture viewing task post, activity of all voxels within a searchlight (all voxels which are included in a radius of 9mm around a given center voxel) is …
Figure 5 with 1 supplement
Neural similarity of hippocampal multi-voxel pattern scale with spatial and temporal memory and the combination of the two domains.
(A) Top: Hippocampus mask used for the ROI analysis. (B) Increases in pattern similarity (PS’) across all grey-matter voxels were negatively correlated with the spatial and temporal distance …
Figure 5—figure supplement 1
ROI analysis of anterior, middle and posterior hippocampus.
Pattern similarity increases in anterior hippocampus correlate with remembered spatial and temporal distances and the combination of both. To investigate which part of the hippocampus is most …
Figure 6
Overlapping and distinct codes for spatial and temporal event structures in the hippocampus.
Results from the searchlight analysis in which pattern similarity changes in searchlights across the whole MRI acquisition volume were correlated with distance judgments from the post-scanning …
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Figure 6—source data 1
Statistical maps of the searchlight results.
Maps contain t-statistics and have been thresholded to correct for multiple comparisons as detailed in the Materials and methods.
- https://doi.org/10.7554/eLife.16534.015
Author response image 1
Effects are preserved across different searchlight sizes.
The effects of the three main analyses are similar when the radius of the searchlight sphere is smaller (6mm and 7.5mm) or bigger (10.5mm) than the original radius (9mm) – with the exception of the …
