Hunger neurons drive feeding through a sustained, positive reinforcement signal
- University of California, San Francisco, United States
- University of California, San Francisco, United states
Figures
Figure 1 with 1 supplement
Prestimulation of AgRP neurons promotes sustained consummatory behavior.
(A) Current model of feeding control by AgRP neurons illustrating the disconnect between the natural dynamics and orexigenic function of these cells. (B) Schematic of the prestimulation experiment. …
Figure 1—figure supplement 1
Prestimulation of AgRP neurons primes feeding.
(A–B) 60 min food intake of (A) AgRP-ChR2 (n = 5) and (B) WT control (n = 4) mice in trials conducted in consecutive days. (C) Analysis of 60 min food intake of AgRP-ChR2 (n = 5) and WT control (n = …
Figure 2
Prestimulation of SFONos1 neurons does not prime drinking behavior.
(A) Expression of ChR2-mCherry in SFONos1 neurons and optical fiber placement above SFO. (B) Schematic of the prestimulation experiment. (C–D) Drinking evoked by different protocols stimulating SFONo…
Figure 3
Prestimulation of AgRP neurons promotes sustained appetitive behavior.
(A) Progressive ratio 3 lever press task. (B–D) Lever presses evoked by prestimulating AgRP neurons in progressive ratio 3 tasks (n = 7). (B) Plots of cumulative lever presses by a representative …
Figure 4 with 1 supplement
Projections of AgRP neurons to PVH, BNST or LHA are sufficient to prime feeding behavior.
(A) Optical fiber placement above AgRPARC→PVH. (B–C) Plots of cumulative food intake (B) and lever presses (C) evoked by prestimulating AgRPARC→PVH axonal terminals. Filled areas indicate S.E.M. (D) …
Figure 4—figure supplement 1
Prestimulation of specific AgRP neuron projections promotes feeding.
(A) Plots of cumulative food intake for prestimulation AgRPARC→LHA projections. Filled area indicates SEM (n = 6). (B) Plots of cumulative lever presses for prestimulation of AgRPARC→LHA …
Figure 5
Prestimulation of AgRP neurons conditions appetite and flavor preference.
(A) Schematic of conditioned appetite assay. Test pellets and home cage chow are similar in energy density but different in shape, size, and texture. Test pellets were either included in home cage …
Figure 6 with 1 supplement
AgRP neuron activity is positively reinforcing in the presence of food.
(A) Schematic of the positive reinforcement protocol that tests whether animals will lever press to self-stimulate AgRP neurons. (B–D) Plots of cumulative active (red) and inactive lever presses …
Figure 6—figure supplement 1
AgRP neurons support positive, but not negative, reinforcement.
(A) Schematic of the negative reinforcement protocol that tests whether animals will lever press to shut off AgRP neuron activity. (B) Number of presses for the active and inactive lever in a 60 min …
