Figures and data in Nomadic-colonial life strategies enable paradoxical survival and growth despite habitat destruction

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Version of Record updated: March 1, 2017 (Go to version)
Version of Record updated: February 22, 2017 (This version)
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Accepted Manuscript published: January 13, 2017 (Go to version)
Accepted: January 11, 2017
Received: September 20, 2016

Figures
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9 figures and 1 additional file

Figures

Figure 1

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In the absence of switching, (a) eventual extinction for both strategies vs (b) survival for the colonial strategy.

Initial conditions for both are $n_{1} = 2$ , $n_{2} = 2$ , $K = 5$ . Shared parameters are $r_{s} = 0$ , $r_{1} = 1$ , $r_{2} = 10$ . For (a), $A = 1.001$ . For (b), $A = 0.5$ .

https://doi.org/10.7554/eLife.21673.003

Figure 2

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Behavioral switching which results in (a) extinction vs (b) survival.

Initial conditions for both are $n_{1} = 2$ , $n_{2} = 2$ , $K = 5$ . Shared parameters are $r_{s} = 1000$ , $r_{1} = 1$ , $r_{2} = 10$ . For (a), $L_{1} = 3$ , $L_{2} = 4.5$ . For (b), $L_{1} = 3$ , $L_{2} = 4$ .

https://doi.org/10.7554/eLife.21673.004

Figure 3

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Long-term growth through strategic alternation.

Initial conditions are $n_{1} = 0$ , $n_{2} = 2$ , $K = 5$ . Parameters are $A = 1.001$ , $L_{1} = 3$ , $L_{2} = 4$ , $r_{s} = 1000$ , $r_{1} = 1$ , $r_{2} = 10$ .

https://doi.org/10.7554/eLife.21673.005

Figure 4

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Figure 5

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Long-term growth through strategic alternation, up to $t = 10$ .

Initial conditions are $n_{1} = 0$ , $n_{2} = 2$ , $K = 5$ . Parameters are $A = 1.001$ , $r_{s} = 1000$ , $r_{1} = 1$ , $r_{2} = 10$ .

https://doi.org/10.7554/eLife.21673.007

Figure 6

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Survival through periodic alternation under slow habitat change.

Parameters for (a) are $r_{s} = 10000$ , $r_{1} = 10$ , $r_{2} = 100, L_{1} = 3$ , $L_{2} = 3.083$ . For (b), $r_{s} = 100000$ , $r_{1} = 100$ , $r_{2} = 1000, L_{1} = 3$ , $L_{2} = 3.008$ . Shared parameters are $K_{\max} = 20$ , $A = 1.001$ .

https://doi.org/10.7554/eLife.21673.008

Figure 7

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Long-term growth through strategic alternation with a bounded carrying capacity.

Initial conditions are $n_{1} = 0$ , $n_{2} = 2$ , $K = 5$ , shared parameters are $A = 1.001$ . For (a), $K_{\max} = 20$ , $r_{s} = 1000$ , $r_{1} = 1$ , $r_{2} = 10$ (fast habitat change). For (b), $K_{\max} = 7.5$ , $r_{s} = 10000$ , $r_{1} = 10$ , $r_{2} = 100$ (slow habitat change).

https://doi.org/10.7554/eLife.21673.009

Appendix 1—figure 1

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An example of switching from colonialism to nomadism.

$t_{1}$ marks the start of the switch, $t_{2}$ marks the end. Other parameters are $A = 1.001$ , $r_{s} = 1000$ , $r_{1} = 1$ , $r_{2} = 10$ .

https://doi.org/10.7554/eLife.21673.011

Appendix 1—figure 2

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An example of switching from nomadism to colonialism.

$t_{1}$ marks the start of the switch, $t_{2}$ marks the end. Other parameters are $A = 1.001$ , $r_{s} = 1000$ , $r_{1} = 1$ , $r_{2} = 10$ .

https://doi.org/10.7554/eLife.21673.012

Additional files

Source code 1 MATLAB code used for the numerical simulation is attached as additional file. This contains all the functions used in the analyses presented in the paper. There are accompanying comments that document the parameters used in the model.: https://doi.org/10.7554/eLife.21673.010
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Zhi Xuan Tan
Kang Hao Cheong

(2017)

Nomadic-colonial life strategies enable paradoxical survival and growth despite habitat destruction

eLife 6:e21673.

https://doi.org/10.7554/eLife.21673

Figures

In the absence of switching, (a) eventual extinction for both strategies vs (b) survival for the colonial strategy.

Behavioral switching which results in (a) extinction vs (b) survival.

Long-term growth through strategic alternation.

Zoomed-in portion of Figure 5 that shows the mechanism behind the spikes in $n_{1}$ .

Long-term growth through strategic alternation, up to $t = 10$ .

Survival through periodic alternation under slow habitat change.

Long-term growth through strategic alternation with a bounded carrying capacity.

An example of switching from colonialism to nomadism.

An example of switching from nomadism to colonialism.

Additional files

Source code 1

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In the absence of switching, (a) eventual extinction for both strategies vs (b) survival for the colonial strategy.

Behavioral switching which results in (a) extinction vs (b) survival.

Long-term growth through strategic alternation.

Zoomed-in portion of Figure 5 that shows the mechanism behind the spikes in n1.

Long-term growth through strategic alternation, up to t=10.

Survival through periodic alternation under slow habitat change.

Long-term growth through strategic alternation with a bounded carrying capacity.

An example of switching from colonialism to nomadism.

An example of switching from nomadism to colonialism.

Source code 1

Downloads (link to download the article as PDF)

Open citations (links to open the citations from this article in various online reference manager services)

Cite this article (links to download the citations from this article in formats compatible with various reference manager tools)

Zoomed-in portion of Figure 5 that shows the mechanism behind the spikes in $n_{1}$ .

Long-term growth through strategic alternation, up to $t = 10$ .