C. elegans avoids toxin-producing Streptomyces using a seven transmembrane domain chemosensory receptor
- San Jose State University, United States
- University of California San Francisco, United States
Figures
Figure 1 with 1 supplement
C. elegans nematodes rapidly avoid Streptomyces at their head and tail.
(A) Phylogenetic tree including strains of Streptomyces bacteria and Bacillus subtilis. (B) Schematic diagram of a dry-drop behavioral assay that selectively tests the response of the PHA and PHB …
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Figure 1—source data 1
Source data for Figure 1 and Figure 1—figure supplement 1.
- https://doi.org/10.7554/eLife.23770.004
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Figure 1—source data 2
Significance for pairwise comparisons for Figure 1.
- https://doi.org/10.7554/eLife.23770.005
Figure 1—figure supplement 1
C. elegans do not avoid the smell of Streptomyces.
(A) Chemotaxis assays are designed to test olfactory cues (Bargmann et al., 1993). Chemotaxis plates included an origin, where the nematodes are placed, and control and experimental sections. Both …
Figure 2 with 2 supplements
C. elegans avoids the SDS analogs dodecanoate and decanoate.
(A) Quantification of the similar phasmid responses to 3.4 mM and 0.6 mM SDS, which is ten-fold below the critical micelle concentration of SDS. All other assays in this study were performed with …
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Figure 2—source data 1
Source data for Figure 2 and Figure 2—figure supplement 2.
- https://doi.org/10.7554/eLife.23770.009
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Figure 2—source data 2
Significance for pairwise comparisons for Figure 2 and Figure 2—figure supplement 2.
- https://doi.org/10.7554/eLife.23770.010
Figure 2—figure supplement 1
CAS numbers for compounds purchased for this study.
https://doi.org/10.7554/eLife.23770.007
Figure 2—figure supplement 2
Response to different concentrations of SDS, dodecanoate and decanoate.
The response to SDS, dodecanoate and decanoate at the tail is shown. Note that compounds are represented as the predominant form in a pH 7 solution, the carboxylates. One-way ANOVA and Tukey’s …
Figure 3 with 1 supplement
Detection of carboxylates secreted by S.avermitilis, S. costaricanus, and S. milbemycinicus.
Carboxylates were extracted from species of Streptomyces and labeled with a pyridinium moiety for easier detection by mass spectrometry. For example, to detect dodecanoate after Streptomyces …
Figure 3—figure supplement 1
Dodecanoic acid is secreted by Streptomyces.
Modified decanoic (C10) and dodecanoic (C12) acids were detected by LC-MS by searching for molecular weights of 278 and 306 g/mol, respectively. Modified decanoic (C10) and dodecanoic (C12) acid …
Figure 4 with 2 supplements
The GPCR SRB-6 is required for the response to Streptomyces, dodecanoate and decanoate.
(A) Quantification of the defect in the phasmid response to SDS, Streptomyces, dodecanoate and decanoate in srb-6 null mutants. (B) Quantification of the defect in the amphid response to Streptomyces…
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Figure 4—source data 1
Source data for Figure 4 and Figure 4—figure supplement 1.
- https://doi.org/10.7554/eLife.23770.016
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Figure 4—source data 2
Significance for pairwise comparisons for Figure 4—figure supplement 1.
- https://doi.org/10.7554/eLife.23770.017
Figure 4—figure supplement 1
RNAi screen for receptors required to sense dodecanoic acid.
RNAi was used to knock down the expression of chemoreceptor genes (A) expressed in PHA, PHB, and a subset of neurons in the head and (B) srb family members. (A-B) RNAi was performed in an eri-1(mg366…
Figure 4—figure supplement 2
C. elegans srb-6 has homologs within the Caenhorabditis genus and the nematode phylum.
srb-6 is highlighted in red. Note that srb-6’s closest homologs (highlighted in dark green) are within the Caenhorabditis genus, and a larger monophyletic group contains nematode species outside the …
Additional files
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Transparent reporting form
- https://doi.org/10.7554/eLife.23770.018
