(A) Representative images of surface fish and Pachón cavefish (B) Sleep duration is significantly reduced in Pachón cavefish compared to surface morph (Unpaired t-test, t = 5.56, n = 26, p<0.0001). …
Hypocretin transcript and peptide levels are elevated in Pachón cavefish.
(A) Sequence alignment for HCRT in A. mexicanus reveals a homology of 35–48% percent identity compared to other fish species including zebrafish and medaka, and a 35% percent identity conserved …
Quantification of qPCR housekeeping genes and fluorescent intensity between surface and cavefish.
This source file includes quantification of qPCR differences for the housekeeping gene Gadph (Figure 1—figure supplement 1B) and comparison of fluorescence intensity between surface and Pachón fry (Figure 1—figure supplement 3C).
(A) Surface fish whole brain from sagittal 2 μm confocal slice (B) Pachón cavefish whole brain sagittal 2 μm confocal slice. (C) Surface fish hypothamus sagittal 2 μm confocal slice. (D) Pachón …
(A) Five days post fertilization whole-mount surface fish immunostained with anti-HCRT (green) and DAPI (white). (B) Whole mount four dpf Pachón cavefish immunostained with anti-HCRT (Green) and …
(A,B) Twenty-four hour sleep profile in surface fish (A) Pachón cavefish (B) treated with DMSO (black), 1 μm TCS (light blue) or 10 μm TCS (dark blue). (C) TCS treatment does not affect total sleep …
Pharmacological inhibition of HCRT Receptor two promotes sleep in Pachón cavefish.
(A) Two SORAs and one DORA were used to inhibit binding of HCRT to its receptor. (B) Total sleep is not significantly altered in surface fish with the treatment of HCRT antagonists (TCS, p=0.814, n =…
Panel of pharmacological HCRT antagonists reveals wake-promoting role of HCRT in juvenile cavefish.
(A) Total sleep was significantly reduced in surface fish (p=0.001, n = 26) while there was no effect with YNT-185 treatment in Pachón cavefish (p=0.997, n = 16; 2-way ANOVA, F(1,77)=25.81, p<0001). …
Inhibition of HCRT signaling increases sleep in larval cavefish.
This source file includes analysis of 1 um and 10 um TCS treatment on total sleep duration in surface fish and Pachón cavefish (Figure 3—figure supplement 1B).
(A) Representative images of surface (top) and Pachón (bottom) fish at 25 dpf. (B) TCS treatment did not affect sleep duration in surface fish (1 µM, P=0.782, n=18, 10 µM P=0.891, 30 µM, P=0.791 …
HCRT agonist partially alters sleep behavior in juvenile surface fish, but not Pachón cavefish.
This source data file includes quantification of the effects of the HCRT agonist YNT-185 on total sleep duration (Figure 3—figure supplement 2A), waking activity (Figure 3—figure supplement 2B), total bout number (Figure 3—figure supplement 2C), and average bout duration (Figure 3—figure supplement 2D).
(A) Morpholino knock-down of hcrt does not alter total sleep in surface fish, p=0.640, n = 34, while in cavefish total sleep time was significantly increased with hcrt knock-down, p=0.0002, n = 40; …
Transient knockdown of hcrt increases sleep in 4 days post fertilization cavefish.
(A) No significant difference in surface fish survival from embryo injection to 96 hr post fertilization (Kruskall-Wallis, p=0.719, Dunn’s post test, Wild Type vs. Scramble MO, p=0.862, Scramble MO …
The effect of morpholino injection on survival in surface fish and cavefish.
This source file includes data analysis quantifying the effects of morpholino injection on survival in surface fish (Figure 4—figure supplement 1A), and Pachón cavefish; Figure 4—figure supplement 1B over the first 96 hr post fertilization.
(A) Surface UAS-BoTx-BLC-GFP (B) Surface hcrt:GAL4-UAS-BoTx-BLC-GFP (C) Pachón UAS-BoTx-BLC-GFP (D) Pachón hcrt:GAL4-UAS-BoTx-BLC-GFP (E) Neuronal silencing of HCRT cells did not alter total sleep …
Genetic silencing of subsets of HCRT neurons selectively increases sleep in Pachón cavefish.
(A) Total sleep bouts were not significantly altered in surface fish when HCRT cells were silenced (Wild Type*UAS-BoTx-BLC-GFP, p=0.561, n = 23; UAS-BoTx-BLC-GFP* hcrt:GAL4-UAS-BoTx-BLC-GFP, p=0.636,…
Genetic silencing of subsets of HCRT alters sleep architecture in Pachón cavefish.
This source file contains analysis of total bout number (Figure 5—figure supplement 1A), and bout duration (Figure 5—figure supplement 1B) in fish with genetically silenced HCRT neurons.
(A-D). Photomicrographs of surface fish cranial regions stained with DASPEI to reveal lateral line mechanosensory neuromasts. Treatment with gentamicin ablates lateral line neuromasts in surface …
Chemical ablation of mechanosensory lateral line reduces HCRT levels in Pachón cavefish.
(A) Starvation does not affect hcrt expression in surface fish (p>0.832, n = 4) while hcrt expression is significantly reduced in Pachón cavefish (p >0.001, n = 4, 2-way ANOVA, F(1,13)=13.54)) (B) …
Starvation selectively inhibits HCRT levels in cavefish.