Different contributions of preparatory activity in the basal ganglia and cerebellum for self-timing
- Hokkaido University School of Medicine, Japan
Abstract
The ability to flexibly adjust movement timing is important for everyday life. Although the basal ganglia and cerebellum have been implicated in monitoring of supra- and sub-second intervals, respectively, the underlying neuronal mechanism remains unclear. Here, we show that in monkeys trained to generate a self-initiated saccade at instructed timing following a visual cue, neurons in the caudate nucleus kept track of passage of time throughout the delay period, while those in the cerebellar dentate nucleus were recruited only during the last part of the delay period. Conversely, neuronal correlates of trial-by-trial variation of self-timing emerged earlier in the cerebellum than the striatum. Local inactivation of respective recording sites confirmed the difference in their relative contributions to supra- and sub-second intervals. These results suggest that the basal ganglia may measure elapsed time relative to the intended interval, while the cerebellum might be responsible for the fine adjustment of self-timing.
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Numerical data for main figures and figure supplements have been provided as source data files.
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Author details
Funding
Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science, and Technology (17H03539,25119005)
- Masaki Tanaka
Takeda Science Foundation
- Masaki Tanaka
Uehara Memorial Foundation
- Masaki Tanaka
The funders had no role in study design, data collection and interpretation, or the decision to submit the work for publication.
Ethics
Animal experimentation: All experimental protocols were evaluated and approved by the Hokkaido University Animal Care and Use Committee (#13-0114). All surgery was performed under general isoflurane anesthesia, and every effort was made to minimize suffering.
Copyright
This is an open-access article, free of all copyright, and may be freely reproduced, distributed, transmitted, modified, built upon, or otherwise used by anyone for any lawful purpose. The work is made available under the Creative Commons CC0 public domain dedication.
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Different contributions of preparatory activity in the basal ganglia and cerebellum for self-timing
eLife 7:e35676.
https://doi.org/10.7554/eLife.35676
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