Environmental deformations dynamically shift the grid cell spatial metric
- University of Pennsylvania, United States
Figures
Figure 1
Examples of whole trial rate maps, boundary-conditioned spikes, boundary rate maps, and cross-correlograms of opposing boundary rate maps for recorded grid cells.
Rat, session, and cell identity indicated above whole trial rate maps. Boundary-conditioned spikes and boundary rate maps organized by opposing north-south (green—purple) and east-west (blue—red) …
Figure 2 with 1 supplement
Opposing boundary rate maps are relatively shifted in phase along deformed dimensions during deformations.
Data from all experiments in (Barry et al., 2007; Stensola et al., 2012) combined. All error bars denote mean ±SEM. (A) Grid shift as measured by the relative phase between opposing boundary rate …
-
Figure 2—source data 1
Results of grid shift analyses.
Contains the values resulting from the shift analysis for each cell trial, as well as the familiar grid scale, amount of rescaling, and shuffled control shift on each trial for each cell.
- https://doi.org/10.7554/eLife.38169.005
-
Figure 2—source data 2
Results of phase alignment analysis.
Contains the values resulting from the alignment analysis indicating whether each boundary rate map was best aligned with the familiar rate map by the most recently contacted boundary (1) or the opposing boundary (0).
- https://doi.org/10.7554/eLife.38169.006
Figure 2—figure supplement 1
Controlling for sampling biases when measuring boundary-tethered shift.
To control for sampling differences following each boundary contact during each trial, we matched the sampling distributions of opposing boundary rate maps when computing shift. (A) Example sampling …
Figure 3 with 1 supplement
Additional tests of boundary-tethered phase shift predictions.
Data from all experiments in (Barry et al., 2007; Stensola et al., 2012) combined unless otherwise noted. All error bars denote mean ± SEM. All reported statistics are paired t-tests, unless …
-
Figure 3—source data 1
Results of rescaling analysis.
Contains the values resulting from the rescaling analysis indicating for each deformed axis the amount of rescaling observed during the whole trial, after boundary-conditioning, and when only a subset of the whole-trial data are included to match the boundary-conditioned sampling distribution.
- https://doi.org/10.7554/eLife.38169.009
-
Figure 3—source data 2
Results of field length analysis.
Contains the values resulting from the field length analysis in pixels for each cell.
- https://doi.org/10.7554/eLife.38169.010
-
Figure 3—source data 3
Results of firing rate analysis.
Contains the values resulting from the firing rate analysis in Hertz for each cell.
- https://doi.org/10.7554/eLife.38169.011
-
Figure 3—source data 4
Results of map prediction analysis.
Contains the correlation values between the recorded deformation trial rate map and the rate maps predicted by the boundary-tethered model and a matched rescaling for each cell and trial.
- https://doi.org/10.7554/eLife.38169.012
Figure 3—figure supplement 1
Predicting whole-trial rate maps from boundary-tethered shifts in grid phase.
(A) To predict rate maps from the boundary-tethered shifts for each cell and compression deformation trial we first created predicted boundary rate maps from the familiar environment rate map for …
Figure 4
A model of border cell-grid cell interactions reproduces boundary-tethered shifts in grid phase during environmental deformations.
(A) The network model consisted of two layers: a border layer, where unit activity was determined by the presence of a boundary nearby (<12 cm) and in a particular allocentric direction, and a grid …
Figure 5 with 3 supplements
Grid unit responses to deformations of an open environment.
(A) Rate maps from one grid unit from each module across all rescaling deformations. Colors normalized to the maximum across each set of rate maps. Peak firing rate for each trial noted below the …
Figure 5—figure supplement 1
A rate-based network model with full-length border units reproduces boundary-tethered shifts, scale-dependent grid rescaling, and local distortions of the grid pattern during deformations.
The fields of border cells vary in coverage, with fields often covering the entire length of one wall. To ensure that our results were not exclusive to smaller field (50% the length of one border) …
Figure 5—figure supplement 2
Scale-dependent rescaling arises from boundary-tethered shifts in simulations without plasticity.
In the main text, simulations were carried out over a limited range of grid scales and deformation extents because of computational constraints. (A) To extend this analysis to a much wider range of …
Figure 5—figure supplement 3
A more extreme compression deformation does not produce matched rescaling.
Although grid rescaling was reported during deformation in two electrophysiological studies (Barry et al., 2007; Stensola et al., 2012), another study implementing a more extreme compression …
Figure 6
Sampling biases are correlated with the most recently contacted boundary.
(A) Likelihood of having most recently contacted each border as a function of location in a square environment. Hue indicates the most likely recently contacted boundary; saturation denotes the …
Figure 7
Place units learned from grid unit inputs reproduce heterogeneous place field distortions.
(A) Place unit rate maps when a familiar open environment is stretched. Place fields exhibit stretching, bifurcation, and emergent modulation by movement direction (indicated by white arrows). …
Author response image 1
Additional files
-
Transparent reporting form
- https://doi.org/10.7554/eLife.38169.020
