Voluntary and involuntary contributions to perceptually guided saccadic choices resolved with millisecond precision
- Wake Forest School of Medicine, United States
Figures
Figure 1
Urgent and non-urgent variants of the antisaccade task.
(a) The compelled antisaccade task. After a fixation period (150, 250, or 350 ms), the central fixation point disappears (Go), instructing the participant to make an eye movement to the left or to …
Figure 2 with 1 supplement
Perceptual performance in the compelled antisaccade task demonstrates a vortex.
Each panel shows a tachometric curve, that is, a plot of the probability of making a correct response as a function of rPT, or cue-viewing time. Colored points are experimental results in …
Figure 2—figure supplement 1
Performance in non-urgent antisaccade trials.
All data are pooled across participants and sorted by luminance level, high (bright green), medium (grayish green), and low (dark green). Results are shown separately for easy trials (left side), in …
Figure 3
Perceptual performance varies as a function of cue luminance.
(a) Tachometric curves for trials in which the cue had high, medium, and low luminance (indicated by bright, grayish, and dark green points, respectively). Results are for the pooled data from all …
Figure 4 with 2 supplements
Perceptual performance quantified across participants and luminance conditions.
Each panel shows one particular quantity derived from the fitted tachometric curves, with results sorted by participant (x axes) and luminance level, high (bright green), medium (grayish green), and …
Figure 4—figure supplement 1
Additional quantities that characterize perceptual performance across participants and cue conditions.
Each panel shows one particular feature derived from the fitted tachometric curves, with results sorted by participant (x axes) and luminance level, high (bright green), medium (grayish green), and …
Figure 4—figure supplement 2
Simulated perceptual performance quantified in the same way as the experimental data.
Results were obtained with the exact same analyses as those in Figure 4 (Materials and methods), except that they were based on simulated trials. The model data were generated using the best-fitting …
Figure 5 with 4 supplements
Dissociation between perceptual capacity and overall task performance.
In each panel, the data from each participant (joined by lines) are shown for trials of high, medium, and low luminance cues (bright, grayish, and dark green points, respectively). Crosses indicate …
Figure 5—figure supplement 1
Dissociation between perceptual capacity and overall task performance based on the curve centerpoint.
Same format as in Figure 5, except that the endogenous response centerpoint is plotted instead of the mean perceptual accuracy. (a) Mean observed accuracy as a function of the centerpoint. (b) Mean …
Figure 5—figure supplement 2
Decoupling perceptual and motor performance.
All results are based on data aggregated across participants. Each panel compares results in fast (F) versus slow (S) blocks of trials, which were sorted as follows. First, the 30 blocks of trials …
Figure 5—figure supplement 3
Dissociation between perceptual capacity and overall task performance as seen with the accelerated race-to-threshold model.
Results were obtained in the exact same way as those in Figure 5, except that they were based on simulated trials. The model data were generated using the best-fitting model parameters for each …
Figure 5—figure supplement 4
Model parameters that characterize individual perceptual performance.
In each panel, the data from each participant (joined by lines) are shown for trials of high, medium, and low luminance cues (bright, grayish, and dark green points, respectively). Parameter values …
Figure 6
Three representative single trials of the race-to-threshold model.
Traces show motor plans toward the left (red) and toward the right (black) as functions of time. Because in these examples the cue is assumed to be on the left, these variables also correspond …
Figure 7
Contributions of two distinct neural mechanisms to attentional/oculomotor capture.
Top row: representative single, long-rPT trials from the model. Second row: tachometric curves, simulated (black traces) and experimental (green dots). Third row: rPT distributions for correct …
Figure 8 with 3 supplements
The race-to-threshold model accounts for antisaccade performance.
(a) Tachometric curves for high (left), medium (middle), and low (right) luminance cues. Continuous lines are model results. (b) Processing time distributions for correct (shades) and incorrect …
Figure 8—figure supplement 1
The race-to-threshold model reproduces average performance in individual gap conditions.
(a) Mean fraction of correct choices as a function of gap. Circles are experimental results for high (bright green), medium (grayish green), and low luminance (dark green) conditions; continuous …
Figure 8—figure supplement 2
The accelerated race-to-threshold model individually fitted to the data of participants 1 (top two rows), 2 (middle rows), and 3 (bottom two rows), as indicated on the right.
(a) Mean fraction of correct choices (top) and mean RT (bottom) as functions of gap. Circles are experimental results for high (bright green), medium (grayish green), and low luminance (dark green) …
Figure 8—figure supplement 3
The accelerated race-to-threshold model individually fitted to the data of participants 4 (top two rows), 5 (middle rows), and 6 (bottom two rows).
Same format as in Figure 8—figure supplement 2.
Author response image 1
Predictions for an experiment in which urgent prosaccades and antisaccades are interleaved.
All results are from model simulations.
Author response image 2
Same format as in Figure 5 of the main text, except that the mean observed accuracy and the mean RT were computed using zero-gap trials only.
Perceptual accuracy values are the same as in Figure 5.
Tables
Table 1
Parameters of the race-to-threshold model for the pooled data.
Build-up rates are in AU ms-1, times are in ms, and acceleration and deceleration are in AU ms-2.
| Lum | |||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| High | 1.4 | 3.74 | −0.95 | 51 | 36 | 76 | 5 | 24 | 4 | 0 | 10 | 0.96 | −0.7 | 0.17 | 0.02 |
| Medium | 1.4 | 3.74 | −0.95 | 51 | 36 | 104 | 13 | 24 | 3 | 0 | 14 | 1.15 | −0.54 | 0.17 | 0.02 |
| Low | 1.4 | 3.74 | −0.95 | 51 | 36 | 126 | 19 | 24 | 10 | 0 | 14 | 0.58 | −0.29 | 0.14 | 0.1 |
Additional files
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Source code 1
Matlab scripts and functions (.m) for running the accelerated race-to-threshold model as described in the article.
It includes an example of the model output, a license agreement, and detailed instructions (README file).
- https://doi.org/10.7554/eLife.46359.022
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Source data 1
Psychophysical data analyzed in this article.
- https://doi.org/10.7554/eLife.46359.023
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Supplementary file 1
Parameters of the race-to-threshold model for individual participants.
- https://doi.org/10.7554/eLife.46359.024
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Transparent reporting form
- https://doi.org/10.7554/eLife.46359.025
