(A) Q-PCR determination of Acvr1c mRNA expression in hypothalamus (Hyp), interscapular BAT (iBAT), inguinal WAT (iWAT), epididymal WAT (eWAT) and liver of wild type mice. The values were normalized … see more
(A, B) VO2 and RER measured by indirect calorimetry at room temperature in 2 month old mice. RER values close to unit indicate carbohydrate usage, while values around 0.7 indicate fat consumption. … see more
(A) mRNA expression of differentiation and maturation markers in BAT of 2 month old control (Alk7fx/fx) and mutant (Ucp1CRE:Alk7fx/fx) mice assessed by Q-PCR. Values are expressed relative to levels … see more
(A) Representative BODIPY 493/503 staining of iBAT sections of conditional mutant (Ucp1CRE:Alk7fx/fx) and control (Alk7fx/fx) mice. Scale bar, 20 µm. Histograms to the right show quantitative … see more
(A) Representative BODIPY 493/503 staining of iBAT sections of global Alk7-/- knock out mice and wild type controls. Scale bar, 20 µm. Histogram to the right show quantitative analysis of lipid … see more
(A) Phospho-AKTS473 in BAT of control (Alk7fx/fx) and mutant (Ucp1CRE:Alk7fx/fx) 2 month old mice fed on Chow ad libitum (Ad lib) or fasted for 14 hr, assessed by western blotting of BAT lysates. … see more
(A, B) Q-PCR determination of Prodh (A) and Alt1 and Bcat2 (B) mRNA expression in iBAT of 2 month old conditional mutant and control mice fed Chow ad libitum or after 14 hr fasting. The values were … see more
(A) Heat map showing relative expression of mRNAs differentially expressed (p<0.05) in iBAT of Alk7-/- global knock-out mice relative to wild type controls. The animals (N = 4 per group) were kept … see more
(A) Q-PCR determination of Klf15, Prodh, Alt1 and Bcat2 mRNA expression in primary cultures of differentiated (d10) compared to non-differentiated (d0) brown adipocytes isolated from iBAT of wild … see more
Relative levels of Ucp1 and Prdm16 mRNAs were assessed by Q-PCR after 24hstimulation with activin B in the presence or absence of SB431542 inhibitor as indicated. Values were normalized to control … see more
(A) Western blot analysis of proline dehydrogenase (POX) and succinate dehydrogenase CII subunit (SDHA-CII) in iBAT of 2 month old conditional mutant and control mice fed Chow ad libitum (top) or … see more
(A, B) Expression of UCP1, COXIV, Rieske FeS, NDUFA10 and beta F1 ATPase (BATP) in BAT of control (Alk7fx/fx) and mutant (Ucp1CRE:Alk7fx/fx) 2 month old mice fed on Chow ad libitum (Ad lib) (A) or … see more
(A) ROS production in BAT mitochondria from wild type mice induced by rotenone and proline (arrow). N=3 independent mitochondrial preparations. (B) ATP generation in liver mitochondria from fasted … see more
(A, D) VO2 measured by indirect calorimetry in ad libitum fed (A) or 14h-fasted (D) 2 month old conditional mutant and control mice during exposure to 5°C in metabolic cages. N = 5 (A) and 10–12 (D) … see more
(A, B) Activity in metabolic chambers of mice during exposure at 5°C preceded by ad libitum feeding (panel A, N = 5 mice per genotype) or after 14 hr fasting (panel B, N = 10 mice per genotype). (C) … see more
(A) Norepinephrine (NE) turnover in iBAT. After 14 hr fasting (t = 0), mice were injected with α-Methyl-DL-tyrosine methyl ester hydrochloride (AMT) and placed at 5° for 3 hr, after which NE was … see more
(A) Body weight. RT, room temperature. Shown are averages ± SEM. N = 5 mice per group. (B) Daily food intake. Shown are averages ± SEM. N = 5 mice per group. (C) Levels of Ucp1 mRNA in iBAT assessed … see more
(A to E) Levels of Ucp1, Cidea, Pparα, Pgc1α and Prdm16 mRNAs in inguinal WAT assessed by Q-PCR in mice kept at room temperature and after chronic cold exposure. Shown are averages relative to … see more
(1) Dallman et al., 1993 (2) Gray et al., 2007; Sasse et al., 2013 (3) Gray et al., 2007; Shimizu et al., 2011; Sasse et al., 2013 (4) Cram et al., 1998; Rüdiger et al., 2002; Muratcioglu et al., … see more
PCR primers.
The PCR primers used in this study are listed here.
Antibodies.
The primary antibodies used in this study are listed here.