Nationwide participation in FIT-based colorectal cancer screening in Denmark during the COVID-19 pandemic: An observational study
- The Danish Clinical Quality Program – National Clinical Registries (RKKP), Denmark
- University Research Clinic for Cancer Screening, Department of Public Health Programmes, Randers Regional Hospital, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Denmark
- The Colorectal Cancer Screening Programme, the Capital Region, Denmark
- Abdominal Center, Bispebjerg Hospital, Denmark
Figures
Figure 1
Flow-chart of the study population (participation in colorectal cancer screening).
Figure 2
Flow-chart of the study population (compliance with colonoscopy).
Figure 3
Participation in colorectal cancer screening (%) in Denmark within 90, 180 and 365 days since invitation from 2018 to 2021.
Figure 4
Compliance with colonoscopy (%) within 60 and 365 days since a positive FIT test from colorectal cancer screening in Denmark from 2018 to 2021.
Tables
Table 1
Baseline characteristics of people invited to participate in colorectal cancer screening in Denmark from 2018 to 2021.
| Pre-pandemic (1 January 2018 to 31 January 2020) | Pre-lockdown (1 February 2020 to 10 March 2020) | 1st lockdown (11 March 2020 to 15 April 2020) | 1st re-opening (16 April 2020 to 15 December 2020) | 2nd lockdown (16 December 2020 to 27 February 2021) | 2nd re-opening (28 February 2021 to 30 September 2021) | Total | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N (%) | N (%) | N (%) | N (%) | N (%) | N (%) | N (%) | |
| Total | 1,804,770 (57.6) | 104,892 (3.3) | 40,146 (1.3) | 562,124 (17.9) | 176,469 (5.6) | 445,546 (14.2) | 3,133,947 (100.0) |
| Sex | |||||||
| Men | 893,009 (49.5) | 52,523 (50.1) | 19,285 (48.0) | 276,731 (49.2) | 87,667 (49.7) | 218,713 (49.1) | 1,547,928 (49.4) |
| Women | 911,761 (50.5) | 52,369 (49.9) | 20,861 (52.0) | 285,393 (50.8) | 88,802 (50.3) | 226,833 (50.9) | 1,586,019 (50.6) |
| Age at invitation | |||||||
| 50–54 years | 478,804 (26.5) | 14,982 (14.3) | 7322 (18.2) | 127,306 (22.6) | 49,217 (27.9) | 138,988 (31.2) | 816,619 (26.1) |
| 55–59 years | 375,309 (20.8) | 38,988 (37.2) | 5739 (14.3) | 150,615 (26.8) | 32,217 (18.3) | 61,318 (13.8) | 664,186 (21.2) |
| 60–64 years | 332,766 (18.4) | 18,089 (17.2) | 2929 (7.3) | 101,925 (18.1) | 33,503 (19.0) | 86,806 (19.5) | 576,018 (18.4) |
| 65–69 years | 308,725 (17.1) | 16,334 (15.6) | 2859 (7.1) | 92,026 (16.4) | 30,398 (17.2) | 79,821 (17.9) | 530,163 (16.9) |
| 70–74 years | 309,166 (17.1) | 16,499 (15.7) | 21,297 (53.0) | 90,252 (16.1) | 31,134 (17.6) | 78,613 (17.6) | 546,961 (17.5) |
| Median (IQI) | 60 (54–67) | 59 (55–66) | 72 (56–75) | 60 (55–67) | 60 (54–67) | 61 (54–67) | 60 (54–67) |
| Ethnicity | |||||||
| Danish descent | 1,651,658 (91.6) | 95,490 (91.1) | 36,665 (91.4) | 512,355 (91.2) | 150,194 (91.0) | 366,141 (91.2) | 2,812,503 (91.4) |
| Descendant of immigrant | 2932 (0.2) | 169 (0.2) | 65 (0.2) | 987 (0.2) | 284 (0.2) | 617 (0.2) | 5054 (0.2) |
| Western immigrant | 48,061 (2.7) | 2871 (2.7) | 1164 (2.9) | 15,877 (2.8) | 4642 (2.8) | 10,902 (2.7) | 83,517 (2.7) |
| Non-western immigrant | 99,730 (5.5) | 6334 (6.0) | 2238 (5.6) | 32,755 (5.8) | 9939 (6.0) | 23,620 (5.9) | 174,616 (5.7) |
| Cohabitation status | |||||||
| Living alone | 567,436 (31.5) | 34,149 (32.6) | 14,487 (36.1) | 177,512 (31.6) | 51,320 (31.1) | 120,737 (30.1) | 965,641 (31.4) |
| Cohabiting/co-living | 163,186 (9.1) | 9679 (9.2) | 2758 (6.9) | 53,372 (9.5) | 15,775 (9.6) | 37,404 (9.3) | 282,174 (9.2) |
| Married/registered partner | 1,071,632 (59.5) | 61,036 (58.2) | 22,887 (57.0) | 331,090 (58.9) | 97,964 (59.4) | 243,139 (60.6) | 1,827,748 (59.4) |
| Educational level (ISCED) | |||||||
| ISCED15 levels 1–2 | 976,876 (55.1) | 58,698 (57.0) | 18,575 (47.2) | 316,639 (57.3) | 98,365 (56.8) | 250,198 (57.2) | 1,719,351 (55.9) |
| ISCED15 levels 3–5 | 597,535 (33.7) | 33,332 (32.3) | 15,297 (38.8) | 177,249 (32.1) | 55,821 (32.2) | 139,785 (32.0) | 1,019,019 (33.1) |
| ISCED15 levels 6–8 | 198,531 (11.2) | 11,011 (10.7) | 5513 (14.0) | 58,592 (10.6) | 18,970 (11.0) | 47,211 (10.8) | 339,828 (11.0) |
| Disposable income | |||||||
| Lowest quintile | 353,612 (19.6) | 18,722 (17.9) | 9939 (24.8) | 97,358 (17.4) | 29,966 (17.0) | 74,581 (16.8) | 584,178 (18.7) |
| Second quintile | 358,955 (19.9) | 20,579 (19.7) | 9583 (23.9) | 105,809 (18.9) | 33,736 (19.2) | 83,982 (18.9) | 612,644 (19.6) |
| Third quintile | 366,888 (20.3) | 21,023 (20.1) | 7332 (18.3) | 114,154 (20.4) | 33,347 (18.9) | 82,529 (18.6) | 625,273 (20.0) |
| Fourth quintile | 366,219 (20.3) | 21,767 (20.8) | 6614 (16.5) | 119,544 (21.3) | 36,705 (20.8) | 94,378 (21.2) | 645,227 (20.6) |
| Highest quintile | 358,608 (19.9) | 22,588 (21.6) | 6644 (16.6) | 123,676 (22.1) | 42,412 (24.1) | 108,662 (24.5) | 662,590 (21.2) |
| Healthcare usage | |||||||
| Rare | 386,510 (21.4) | 23,944 (22.8) | 7293 (18.2) | 125,799 (22.4) | 37,849 (21.4) | 95,024 (21.3) | 676,419 (21.6) |
| Low | 338,179 (18.7) | 18,944 (18.1) | 6054 (15.1) | 103,813 (18.5) | 32,147 (18.2) | 80,134 (18.0) | 579,271 (18.5) |
| Average | 401,358 (22.2) | 23,271 (22.2) | 8569 (21.3) | 125,600 (22.3) | 39,176 (22.2) | 98,833 (22.2) | 696,807 (22.2) |
| High | 333,529 (18.5) | 19,230 (18.3) | 8343 (20.8) | 104,646 (18.6) | 33,618 (19.1) | 85,706 (19.2) | 585,072 (18.7) |
| Frequent | 345,194 (19.1) | 19,503 (18.6) | 9887 (24.6) | 102,266 (18.2) | 33,679 (19.1) | 85,849 (19.3) | 596,378 (19.0) |
| Time from invitation to participation, median (IDI) | 28 (16–72) | 25 (15–78) | 32 (16–64) | 28 (16–66) | 24 (16–63) | 25 (16–59) | 28 (16–70) |
-
IQI = interquartile interval.; IDI = interdecentile interval.; ISCED = International Standard Classification of Education.
Table 2
Prevalence ratios (PRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of participation in colorectal cancer screening within 90 days since invitation in Denmark 2018–2021*.
| N | Pre-pandemic (1 January 2018 to 31 January 2020) | Pre-lockdown (1 February 2020 to 10 March 2020) | 1st lockdown (11 March 2020 to 15 April 2020) | 1st re-opening (16 April 2020 to 15 December 2020) | 2nd lockdown (16 December 2020 to 27 February 2021) | 2nd re-opening (28 February 2021 to 30 September 2021) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N=180,477 | N=104,892 | N=40,146 | N=562,124 | N=176,469 | N=445,546 | ||||||||
| PR | [95% CI] | PR | [95% CI] | PR | [95% CI] | PR | [95% CI] | PR | [95% CI] | PR | [95% CI] | ||
| Overall | 3,133,947 | 1.00 | – | 0.95 | [0.94–0.96] | 0.85 | [0.85–0.86] | 1.04 | [1.04–1.05] | 1.09 | [1.09–1.10] | 1.11 | [1.10–1.12] |
| Sex | |||||||||||||
| Men | 1,547,928 | 1.00 | – | 0.88 | [0.88–0.89] | 0.91 | [0.89–0.92] | 1.03 | [1.02–1.03] | 1.04 | [1.04–1.05] | 1.07 | [1.07–1.08] |
| Women | 1,586,019 | 1.00 | – | 0.92 | [0.92–0.93] | 0.84 | [0.83–0.85] | 1.03 | [1.02–1.03] | 1.03 | [1.03–1.04] | 1.06 | [1.06–1.07] |
| Age at invitation | |||||||||||||
| 50–54 years | 816,619 | 1.00 | – | 0.89 | [0.87–0.91] | 1.14 | [1.12–1.17] | 1.00 | [0.99–1.01] | 1.04 | [1.03–1.06] | 1.16 | [1.14–1.18] |
| 55–59 years | 664,186 | 1.00 | – | 0.93 | [0.91–0.94] | 1.09 | [1.06–1.11] | 1.11 | [1.10–1.12] | 1.24 | [1.22–1.25] | 1.18 | [1.16–1.19] |
| 60–64 years | 576,018 | 1.00 | – | 0.94 | [0.93–0.96] | 1.03 | [1.00–1.06] | 1.03 | [1.02–1.04] | 1.08 | [1.07–1.10] | 1.09 | [1.07–1.10] |
| 65–69 years | 530,163 | 1.00 | – | 0.96 | [0.95–0.97] | 0.99 | [0.96–1.02] | 1.02 | [1.01–1.03] | 1.07 | [1.06–1.09] | 1.07 | [1.06–1.08] |
| 70–74 years | 546,961 | 1.00 | – | 1.01 | [1.00–1.03] | 0.77 | [0.76–0.79] | 1.04 | [1.03–1.05] | 1.09 | [1.07–1.10] | 1.10 | [1.08–1.11] |
| Ethnicity | |||||||||||||
| Danish descent | 2,812,503 | 1.00 | – | 0.95 | [0.94–0.95] | 0.85 | [0.84–0.86] | 1.04 | [1.04–1.05] | 1.09 | [1.08–1.10] | 1.11 | [1.10–1.12] |
| Descendant of immigrant | 5054 | 1.00 | – | 0.95 | [0.79–1.14] | 0.83 | [0.62–1.11] | 1.04 | [0.93–1.17] | 1.08 | [0.91–1.28] | 1.12 | [0.94–1.32] |
| Western Immigrant | 83,517 | 1.00 | – | 0.95 | [0.91–1.00] | 0.88 | [0.82–0.94] | 1.08 | [1.05–1.11] | 1.16 | [1.11–1.21] | 1.20 | [1.15–1.25] |
| Non-western immigrant | 174,616 | 1.00 | – | 0.97 | [0.94–1.00] | 1.00 | [0.95–1.05] | 1.11 | [1.09–1.13] | 1.18 | [1.15–1.22] | 1.24 | [1.20–1.28] |
| Cohabitation status | |||||||||||||
| Living alone | 965,641 | 1.00 | – | 0.94 | [0.93–0.95] | 0.85 | [0.83–0.87] | 1.06 | [1.05–1.07] | 1.12 | [1.11–1.14] | 1.16 | [1.14–1.17] |
| Cohabiting/co-living | 282,174 | 1.00 | – | 0.95 | [0.92–0.97] | 0.97 | [0.93–1.00] | 1.05 | [1.04–1.07] | 1.12 | [1.09–1.14] | 1.14 | [1.12–1.17] |
| Married/registered partner | 1,827,748 | 1.00 | – | 0.95 | [0.95–0.96] | 0.86 | [0.85–0.87] | 1.04 | [1.03–1.04] | 1.08 | [1.07–1.09] | 1.09 | [1.09–1.10] |
| Educational level (ISCED) | |||||||||||||
| ISCED15 levels 1–2 | 1,719,351 | 1.00 | – | 0.95 | [0.94–0.95] | 0.91 | [0.90–0.92] | 1.05 | [1.04–1.05] | 1.09 | [1.08–1.10] | 1.12 | [1.11–1.13] |
| ISCED15 levels 3–5 | 1,019,019 | 1.00 | – | 0.96 | [0.94–0.97] | 0.80 | [0.79–0.82] | 1.04 | [1.03–1.04] | 1.09 | [1.08–1.10] | 1.10 | [1.09–1.11] |
| ISCED15 levels 6–8 | 339,828 | 1.00 | – | 0.95 | [0.94–0.97] | 0.83 | [0.81–0.85] | 1.05 | [1.04–1.06] | 1.11 | [1.09–1.13] | 1.12 | [1.10–1.13] |
| Disposable income | |||||||||||||
| Lowest quintile | 584,178 | 1.00 | – | 0.95 | [0.94–0.97] | 0.73 | [0.71–0.75] | 1.04 | [1.03–1.05] | 1.08 | [1.06–1.10] | 1.11 | [1.09–1.12] |
| Second quintile | 612,644 | 1.00 | – | 0.96 | [0.95–0.98] | 0.78 | [0.76–0.79] | 1.05 | [1.04–1.06] | 1.10 | [1.08–1.11] | 1.13 | [1.11–1.14] |
| Third quintile | 625,273 | 1.00 | – | 0.95 | [0.94–0.97] | 0.86 | [0.84–0.88] | 1.05 | [1.04–1.06] | 1.08 | [1.07–1.10] | 1.11 | [1.10–1.12] |
| Fourth quintile | 645,227 | 1.00 | – | 0.95 | [0.94–0.96] | 0.94 | [0.92–0.96] | 1.04 | [1.04–1.05] | 1.08 | [1.07–1.10] | 1.10 | [1.09–1.11] |
| Highest quintile | 662,590 | 1.00 | – | 0.93 | [0.92–0.94] | 0.98 | [0.96–1.00] | 1.04 | [1.03–1.05] | 1.10 | [1.09–1.11] | 1.10 | [1.09–1.11] |
| Healthcare usage | |||||||||||||
| Rare | 676,419 | 1.00 | – | 0.92 | [0.90–0.93] | 0.93 | [0.90–0.95] | 1.04 | [1.03–1.05] | 1.10 | [1.08–1.12] | 1.11 | [1.09–1.12] |
| Low | 579,271 | 1.00 | – | 0.95 | [0.94–0.97] | 0.90 | [0.88–0.92] | 1.05 | [1.04–1.06] | 1.10 | [1.08–1.11] | 1.11 | [1.10–1.13] |
| Average | 696,807 | 1.00 | – | 0.95 | [0.94–0.97] | 0.86 | [0.85–0.88] | 1.05 | [1.04–1.06] | 1.09 | [1.08–1.10] | 1.11 | [1.10–1.12] |
| High | 585,072 | 1.00 | – | 0.97 | [0.95–0.98] | 0.84 | [0.82–0.86] | 1.05 | [1.04–1.05] | 1.09 | [1.08–1.11] | 1.12 | [1.10–1.13] |
| Frequent | 596,378 | 1.00 | – | 0.97 | [0.95–0.98] | 0.81 | [0.79–0.83] | 1.04 | [1.03–1.05] | 1.09 | [1.08–1.10] | 1.11 | [1.10–1.12] |
-
*
Adjusted for year, month and age at invitation; PR = prevalence ratio; CI = confidence interval; ISCED = International Standard Classification of Education.
Table 3
Baseline characteristics of people with a positive FIT test from colorectal cancer screening in Denmark from 2018 to 2021.
| Pre-pandemic (1 January 2018 to 31 January 2020) | Pre-lockdown (1 February 2020 to 10 March 2020) | 1st lockdown (11 March 2020 to 15 April 2020) | 1st re-opening (16 April 2020 to 15 December 2020) | 2nd lockdown (16 December 2020 to 27 Febraury 2021) | 2nd re-opening (28 February 2021 to 30 September 2021) | Total | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N (%) | N (%) | N (%) | N (%) | N (%) | N (%) | N (%) | |
| Total | 54,886 (58.2) | 2942 (3.1) | 1319 (1.4) | 16,628 (17.6) | 5383 (5.7) | 13,215 (14.0) | 94,373 (100.0) |
| Sex | |||||||
| Men | 29,880 (54.4) | 1532 (52.1) | 704 (53.4) | 8796 (52.9) | 2835 (52.7) | 6918 (52.3) | 50,665 (53.7) |
| Women | 25,006 (45.6) | 1410 (47.9) | 615 (46.6) | 7832 (47.1) | 2548 (47.3) | 6297 (47.7) | 43,708 (46.3) |
| Age at invitation | |||||||
| 50–54 years | 9481 (17.3) | 291 (9.9) | 185 (14.0) | 2615 (15.7) | 987 (18.3) | 2876 (21.8) | 16,435 (17.4) |
| 55–59 years | 8606 (15.7) | 838 (28.5) | 157 (11.9) | 3536 (21.3) | 813 (15.1) | 1479 (11.2) | 15,429 (16.3) |
| 60–64 years | 10,343 (18.8) | 524 (17.8) | 78 (5.9) | 2944 (17.7) | 1000 (18.6) | 2433 (18.4) | 17,322 (18.4) |
| 65–69 years | 12,126 (22.1) | 559 (19.0) | 111 (8.4) | 3526 (21.2) | 1165 (21.6) | 2888 (21.9) | 20,375 (21.6) |
| 70–74 years | 14,330 (26.1) | 730 (24.8) | 788 (59.7) | 4007 (24.1) | 1418 (26.3) | 3539 (26.8) | 24,812 (26.3) |
| Median (IQI) | 64 (57–70) | 63 (56–69) | 74 (59–75) | 63 (56–69) | 64 (57–70) | 64 (57–70) | 64 (57–70) |
| Ethnicity | |||||||
| Danish descent | 51,287 (93.6) | 2735 (93.0) | 1221 (92.6) | 15,484 (93.1) | 4716 (92.4) | 11,344 (92.5) | 86,787 (93.3) |
| Western immigrant | 1306 (2.4) | 66 (2.2) | 37 (2.8) | 388 (2.3) | 130 (2.5) | 302 (2.5) | 2229 (2.4) |
| Non-western immigrant | 2205 (4.0) | 140 (4.8) | 61 (4.6) | 756 (4.5) | 257 (5.0) | 620 (5.1) | 4039 (4.3) |
| Cohabitation status | |||||||
| Living alone | 16,451 (30.0) | 939 (31.9) | 463 (35.1) | 5046 (30.3) | 1578 (30.9) | 3575 (29.1) | 28,052 (30.1) |
| Cohabiting/co-living | 4273 (7.8) | 231 (7.9) | 88 (6.7) | 1377 (8.3) | 431 (8.4) | 1037 (8.5) | 7437 (8.0) |
| Married/registered partner | 34,074 (62.2) | 1771 (60.2) | 768 (58.2) | 10,205 (61.4) | 3094 (60.6) | 7654 (62.4) | 57,566 (61.9) |
| Educational level (ISCED) | |||||||
| ISCED15 levels 1–2 | 27,676 (51.3) | 1577 (54.6) | 605 (46.6) | 8988 (54.9) | 2823 (53.6) | 7064 (54.4) | 48,733 (52.5) |
| ISCED15 levels 3–5 | 20,618 (38.2) | 1048 (36.3) | 521 (40.1) | 5741 (35.1) | 1907 (36.2) | 4682 (36.1) | 34,517 (37.2) |
| ISCED15 levels 6–8 | 5666 (10.5) | 264 (9.1) | 172 (13.3) | 1632 (10.0) | 540 (10.2) | 1231 (9.5) | 9505 (10.2) |
| Disposable income | |||||||
| Lowest quintile | 11,851 (21.6) | 556 (18.9) | 321 (24.3) | 3124 (18.8) | 962 (17.9) | 2481 (18.8) | 19,295 (20.5) |
| Second quintile | 12,530 (22.8) | 690 (23.5) | 351 (26.6) | 3555 (21.4) | 1211 (22.5) | 2954 (22.4) | 21,291 (22.6) |
| Third quintile | 11,077 (20.2) | 608 (20.7) | 234 (17.7) | 3439 (20.7) | 1042 (19.4) | 2479 (18.8) | 18,879 (20.0) |
| Fourth quintile | 10,142 (18.5) | 569 (19.4) | 210 (15.9) | 3321 (20.0) | 1046 (19.5) | 2615 (19.9) | 17,903 (19.0) |
| Highest quintile | 9244 (16.9) | 517 (17.6) | 203 (15.4) | 3165 (19.1) | 1114 (20.7) | 2641 (20.1) | 16,884 (17.9) |
| Healthcare usage | |||||||
| Rare | 8431 (15.4) | 409 (13.9) | 161 (12.2) | 2576 (15.5) | 770 (14.3) | 1903 (14.4) | 14,250 (15.1) |
| Low | 8450 (15.4) | 440 (15.0) | 171 (13.0) | 2628 (15.8) | 833 (15.5) | 1957 (14.8) | 14,479 (15.3) |
| Average | 11,964 (21.8) | 608 (20.7) | 260 (19.7) | 3704 (22.3) | 1205 (22.4) | 2823 (21.4) | 20,564 (21.8) |
| High | 11,300 (20.6) | 673 (22.9) | 269 (20.4) | 3502 (21.1) | 1126 (20.9) | 2921 (22.1) | 19,791 (21.0) |
| Frequent | 14,741 (26.9) | 812 (27.6) | 458 (34.7) | 4218 (25.4) | 1449 (26.9) | 3611 (27.3) | 25,289 (26.8) |
| Time from positive FIT to colonoscopy, median (IDI) | 13 (8–29) | 13 (7–31) | 13 (8–31) | 13 (8–29) | 13 (8–28) | 13 (8–29) | 13 (8–29) |
-
IQI = interquartile interval.; IDI = interdecentile interval.; ISCED = International Standard Classification of Education.
Table 4
Prevalence ratios (PRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of compliance with colonoscopy within 60 days since a positive FIT test from colorectal cancer screening in Denmark from 2018 to 2021*.
| N | Pre-pandemic (1 January 2018 to 31 January 2020) | Pre-lockdown (1 February 2020 to 10 March 2020) | 1st lockdown (11 March 2020 to 15 April 2020) | 1st re-opening (16 April 2020 to 15 December 2020) | 2nd lockdown (16 December 2020 to 27 February 2021) | 2nd re-opening (28 February 2021 to 30 September 2021) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N=54,982 | N=2944 | N=1319 | N=16,628 | N=5390 | N=13,222 | ||||||||
| PR | [95% CI] | PR | [95% CI] | PR | [95% CI] | PR | [95% CI] | PR | [95% CI] | PR | [95% CI] | ||
| Overall | 94,373 | 1.00 | – | 0.98 | [0.96–1.00] | 0.96 | [0.93–0.98] | 0.99 | [0.98–1.00] | 1.01 | [1.00–1.03] | 0.99 | [0.98–1.01] |
| Sex | |||||||||||||
| Men | 50,665 | 1.00 | – | 0.97 | [0.95–0.99] | 0.94 | [0.91–0.97] | 0.99 | [0.98–0.99] | 0.99 | [0.97–1.00] | 0.97 | [0.96–0.98] |
| Women | 43,708 | 1.00 | – | 0.98 | [0.96–1.00] | 0.96 | [0.93–0.99] | 0.99 | [0.98–1.00] | 1.00 | [0.99–1.02] | 0.99 | [0.98–1.00] |
| Age at invitation | |||||||||||||
| 50–54 years | 16,435 | 1.00 | – | 1.04 | [1.00–1.08] | 0.98 | [0.93–1.04] | 1.00 | [0.98–1.03] | 1.01 | [0.97–1.05] | 0.98 | [0.94–1.01] |
| 55–59 years | 15,429 | 1.00 | – | 0.97 | [0.94–1.01] | 0.94 | [0.87–1.01] | 1.00 | [0.98–1.02] | 1.02 | [0.98–1.05] | 1.02 | [0.98–1.06] |
| 60–64 years | 17,322 | 1.00 | – | 1.00 | [0.97–1.04] | 1.04 | [0.98–1.11] | 0.99 | [0.97–1.01] | 1.00 | [0.97–1.04] | 0.98 | [0.94–1.01] |
| 65–69 years | 20,375 | 1.00 | – | 0.99 | [0.96–1.03] | 1.04 | [0.98–1.10] | 0.99 | [0.97–1.01] | 1.03 | [1.00–1.06] | 1.00 | [0.97–1.03] |
| 70–74 years | 24,812 | 2.00 | – | 0.94 | [0.91–0.98] | 0.94 | [0.90–0.97] | 0.98 | [0.96–1.00] | 1.01 | [0.98–1.04] | 0.99 | [0.96–1.02] |
| Ethnicity | |||||||||||||
| Danish descent | 86,787 | 1.00 | – | 0.99 | [0.97–1.00] | 0.96 | [0.94–0.99] | 1.00 | [0.99–1.01] | 1.02 | [1.00–1.03] | 1.00 | [0.98–1.01] |
| Western immigrant | 2229 | 1.00 | – | 0.87 | [0.75–1.02] | 0.84 | [0.68–1.04] | 0.97 | [0.90–1.05] | 0.99 | [0.87–1.13] | 0.99 | [0.89–1.11] |
| Non-western immigrant | 4039 | 1.00 | – | 0.91 | [0.82–1.01] | 0.90 | [0.78–1.05] | 0.98 | [0.92–1.04] | 1.00 | [0.92–1.10] | 0.95 | [0.87–1.04] |
| Cohabitation status | |||||||||||||
| Living alone | 28,052 | 1.00 | – | 0.97 | [0.93–1.00] | 0.95 | [0.90–1.00] | 1.00 | [0.97–1.02] | 1.04 | [1.01–1.08] | 1.04 | [1.01–1.08] |
| Cohabiting/co-living | 7437 | 1.00 | – | 1.02 | [0.96–1.08] | 1.01 | [0.93–1.09] | 1.01 | [0.98–1.05] | 1.03 | [0.98–1.08] | 1.03 | [0.98–1.08] |
| Married/registered partner | 57,566 | 1.00 | – | 0.99 | [0.97–1.00] | 0.96 | [0.93–0.99] | 0.99 | [0.98–1.00] | 1.00 | [0.98–1.02] | 1.00 | [0.98–1.02] |
| Educational level (ISCED) | |||||||||||||
| ISCED15 levels 1–2 | 48,733 | 1.00 | – | 1.00 | [0.98–1.02] | 0.94 | [0.91–0.98] | 0.99 | [0.97–1.00] | 1.01 | [0.99–1.03] | 0.98 | [0.96–1.00] |
| ISCED15 levels 3–5 | 34517 | 1.00 | – | 0.97 | [0.95–1.00] | 0.97 | [0.94–1.01] | 1.00 | [0.99–1.02] | 1.01 | [0.99–1.04] | 1.01 | [0.98–1.03] |
| ISCED15 levels 6–8 | 9505 | 1.00 | – | 0.94 | [0.89–1.00] | 0.97 | [0.91–1.03] | 0.99 | [0.96–1.02] | 1.02 | [0.98–1.07] | 0.99 | [0.94–1.03] |
| Disposable income | |||||||||||||
| Lowest quintile | 19,295 | 1.00 | – | 0.96 | [0.92–1.00] | 0.91 | [0.86–0.96] | 0.99 | [0.96–1.01] | 1.02 | [0.98–1.06] | 0.99 | [0.95–1.02] |
| Second quintile | 21,291 | 1.00 | – | 0.98 | [0.94–1.02] | 0.92 | [0.87–0.98] | 1.01 | [0.99–1.04] | 1.04 | [1.01–1.08] | 1.02 | [0.99–1.06] |
| Third quintile | 18,879 | 1.00 | – | 0.99 | [0.95–1.02] | 0.98 | [0.93–1.03] | 0.98 | [0.96–1.00] | 0.99 | [0.96–1.03] | 0.99 | [0.96–1.02] |
| Fourth quintile | 17,903 | 1.00 | – | 0.97 | [0.94–1.00] | 0.98 | [0.93–1.02] | 0.99 | [0.97–1.01] | 1.00 | [0.97–1.03] | 0.98 | [0.95–1.01] |
| Highest quintile | 16,884 | 1.00 | – | 1.01 | [0.98–1.05] | 1.02 | [0.97–1.06] | 0.99 | [0.97–1.01] | 1.00 | [0.97–1.03] | 0.98 | [0.95–1.00] |
| Healthcare usage | |||||||||||||
| Rare | 14,250 | 1.00 | – | 0.98 | [0.94–1.02] | 0.98 | [0.92–1.04] | 1.01 | [0.99–1.04] | 1.03 | [0.99–1.07] | 0.99 | [0.96–1.03] |
| Low | 14,479 | 1.00 | – | 0.97 | [0.93–1.01] | 0.97 | [0.92–1.03] | 0.99 | [0.97–1.02] | 0.99 | [0.95–1.02] | 0.98 | [0.95–1.01] |
| Average | 20,564 | 1.00 | – | 1.01 | [0.98–1.04] | 0.94 | [0.89–0.99] | 1.00 | [0.98–1.02] | 1.02 | [0.99–1.05] | 0.99 | [0.96–1.02] |
| High | 19,791 | 1.00 | – | 0.99 | [0.95–1.02] | 0.97 | [0.92–1.01] | 0.98 | [0.96–1.01] | 1.01 | [0.97–1.04] | 1.01 | [0.97–1.04] |
| Frequent | 25,289 | 1.00 | – | 0.96 | [0.93–1.00] | 0.95 | [0.90–0.99] | 0.98 | [0.96–1.01] | 1.01 | [0.98–1.04] | 0.98 | [0.95–1.01] |
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*
Adjusted for year, month and age at invitation; PR = prevalence ratio; CI = confidence interval; ISCED = International Standard Classification of Education.
Additional files
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Supplementary file 1
Participation in colorectal cancer screening (%) in Denmark within 90 days since invitation from 2018–2021.
- https://cdn.elifesciences.org/articles/81808/elife-81808-supp1-v2.xlsx
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Supplementary file 2
Baseline characteristics of first-time invitees invited to participate in colorectal cancer screening in Denmark 2018–2021.
- https://cdn.elifesciences.org/articles/81808/elife-81808-supp2-v2.xlsx
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Supplementary file 3
Prevalence ratios (PRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) of participation in colorectal cancer screening within 90 days since invitation in Denmark among first-time invitees 2018–2021.
- https://cdn.elifesciences.org/articles/81808/elife-81808-supp3-v2.xlsx
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Supplementary file 4
Compliance with colonoscopy (%) in Denmark within 60 days since a positive FIT test from 2018 to 2021.
- https://cdn.elifesciences.org/articles/81808/elife-81808-supp4-v2.xlsx
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MDAR checklist
- https://cdn.elifesciences.org/articles/81808/elife-81808-mdarchecklist1-v2.pdf
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Nationwide participation in FIT-based colorectal cancer screening in Denmark during the COVID-19 pandemic: An observational study
eLife 12:e81808.
https://doi.org/10.7554/eLife.81808
